3.4 Physiology of the GI Tract Part 2 Flashcards
What is the purpose of the low pH in the stomach?
kill bacteria
inactivate salivary amylase
activation of pepsinogen
What secretes pepsinogen?
chief cells in the stomach
What is pepsinogen?
pro-enzyme
What is the active version of pepsinogen?
pepsin
What accomplishes the mechanical digestion in the stomach?
muscularis externa
What controls the release of chyme into the duodenum?
pyloric sphincter
Where does absorption begin?
small intestine
Where does the digestion of fats begin?
small intestine
What can the enzymes of the pancreatic juices digest?
starch
fats
proteins
What breaks down peptides into amino acids in the small intestine?
peptidases
What digests maltose and what is it broken down into?
maltase; glucose
What are the enzymes included in pancreatic juice?
amylase
trypsin
lipase
What is contained in the pancreatic juice and what does it do to chyme?
bicarbonate
neutralizes chyme
What two hormones does chyme stimulate the small intestine to secrete?
cholecystokinin
secretin
What is the purpose of CCK?
causes the gallbaldder to secrete bile
What is the purpose of secretin?
causes the liver to secrete bile
What does bile do?
breaks down fats into smaller pieces
necessary for the absorption of fats
When is digestion complete?
when food reaches the end of the small intestine
What remains by the time chyme has reached the end of the small intestine?
bacteria
undigested food
water
What is absorbed in the large intestine?
water
vitamins
minerals
What is produced in the large intestine?
vitamin K
some B vitamins
