1.3 The Cell Part 2

Question 1

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 1

contains DNA and serves as the control center of the cell

Question 2

What are chromosomes?

Answer 2

packaged form of DNA inside of a cell

Question 3

What are genes?

Answer 3

sections of chromosomes that contain nucleotide sequences

Question 4

What determines what proteins are synthesized in the ribosomes?

Answer 4

genes

Question 5

What is messenger RNA?

Answer 5

transfers code from DNA to ribosome

Question 6

What is the nucleolus?

Answer 6

region of the nucleus that synthesizes rRNA

Question 7

What are ribosomes?

Answer 7

manufacturing plants that assemble proteins

Question 8

Where are ribosomes often located?

Answer 8

rough ER

Question 9

What is the endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 9

maze of tightly packed and flattened sac like structures that form interconnected compartments within the cytoplasm

Question 10

What is an extension of the outer membrane of the nucleus?

Answer 10

ER

Question 11

What is the smooth ER?

Answer 11

responsible for the synthesis of lipids

Question 12

What cells possess extensive amounts of smooth ER?

Answer 12

liver cells (synthesis of cholesterol)

Question 13

What is the cytoplasm?

Answer 13

fluid portion of the cell

Question 14

What is the golgi complex?

Answer 14

organelle made up of a stack of many flattened disks called cisternae

Question 15

What is the function of the golgi complex?

Answer 15

receiving lipids and proteins synthesize by the ER, altering their structures, and shipping them to other parts of the cell

Question 16

What are vesicles?

Answer 16

portion of the Golgi membrane forming enclosed sacs

Question 17

What are lysosomes?

Answer 17

small sacs containing digestive enzymes

Question 18

What produces lysosomes?

Answer 18

Golgi

Question 19

What is a brief description of Tay-Sachs disease?

Answer 19

genetic disease where one of the digestive enzymes in lysosomes is missing so toxic lipids in brain cannot be broken down

Question 20

What are mitochondria?

Answer 20

organelle responsible for converting chemical energy found in food into ATP