3.5 Physiology of the GI Tract Part II: Cell Metabolism Flashcards
What is metabolism?
set of chemical reactions that are essential for the body to sustina life
What is anabolism?
set of reactions in which smaller molecules are combined to make large molecules
What is catabolism?
set of reactions in which larger molecules are broken down into smaller molecules
What is the most widley used form of energy in the body?
ATP
What process is used to fuel cells to carry out biochemical reactions?
ATP –> ADP
ADP –> ATP
What is cellular respiration?
process by which cells generate ATP
Which type of cellular respiration do most organisms carry out?
aerobic respiration
What is aerobic respiration?
cellular respiration that requires oxygen and a fuel source to releace carbon dioxide, water, and ATP
What are the main source of energy for cells?
carbohydrates
When is glucose metabolism used by the body?
during times of high energy demand
How many ATPs are made from the catabolism of a single glucose molecule?
38
What are the three phases of glucose metabolism?
glycolysis
fermentation/respiration
electron transport chain
What does glycolysis produce?
two ATPs
What does fermentation/respiration produce?
two ATPs
What does the ETC produce?
34 ATP
What is glucose broken into during glycolysis?
two pyruvate molecules
Where does cellular respiration take place?
inside and around the double membrane of the mitochrondria
When would fermentation take place versus respiration?
respiration = oxygen
fermentation = no oxygen
What is the central pathway of respiration?
tricarboxylic acid cycle
What is the TCA cycle also known as?
Krebs cycle
citric acid cycle
