27. piroplasma Flashcards

1
Q

piroplasmidia include —

A

Babesia
Theileria
Cytauxzoon

they are all apicomplexa protozoa

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2
Q

— are pair shape

A

piroplasms- blood protozoans transmitted by ticks

: Babesia
Theileria
Cytauxzoon

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3
Q

Important blood parasites of cattle in many parts of the world. Occasional parasites of dogs in US.

A

babesia

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

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4
Q

Cause of East Coast Fever in African
cattle. Emerging threat in the US.

A

Theileria

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

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5
Q

— Recently identified as parasite of cats - almost all cases have been fatal

A

Cytauxzoon

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

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6
Q

Texas cattle fever vector is —

A

Babesia bigemina

one-host tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus)

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

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7
Q

Red water fever is cattle is caused by

A

Babesia bovis

vector is one host tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) (blue tick, hexagonal head, inornate, no festoons)

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

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8
Q

B. gibsoni or B canis vogeli is found world wide

A

B. gibsoni

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

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9
Q

small babesia

A

Babesia gibsoni - 2.5 mcm

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

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10
Q

large babesia

A

B. canis vogeli- 5 mcm

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

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11
Q
A

B canis vogeli

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

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12
Q

how is Babesia transmitted

A

blood to blood contact- fighting- think pitbull

infected tick- Rhipicephalus sanguineus (The brown dog tick )

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13
Q

identify

A

inornate
short mouthparts + festoons

Rhipicephalus sanguineus
‣ The brown dog tick

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14
Q

brown dog tick

A

Rhipicephalus sanguineus
‣ The brown dog tick

3 host tick- parasite transmitted through bite in saliva

transovarian and transstadial transmission

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15
Q

Rhipicephalus sanguineus spread Babesia canis vogeli by

A

transovarian- in eggs

transstadial- molts remain infected

3 host tick, prefers dogs for all host

spread through saliva of tick

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16
Q

symptoms of babesiosis

A

moderate to severe hemolytic anemia

Lethargy/depression, fever, anorexia, bounding pulse, weight loss

usually effects puppies

no cure- infected for life

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17
Q

Babesia gibsoni is transferred by

A

?? no confirmed vector

transfer by contact with infected blood - fighting- pitbulls

18
Q

symptoms of B. gibsoni

A

small babesia- spread by fighting

young puppies: fever, lethargy, thrombocytopenia and anemia

no cure- infected for life

19
Q

how to diagnosis Babesia

A

blood smears- see pear shaped parasite inside RBC

serology- can have false + and negative results

20
Q

B canis vogeli infects

A

greyhounds by tick transmission

21
Q

Dogs diagnosed with Babesia should be
considered —

A

permanent carriers

22
Q

Babesia caballi infect

23
Q

Theileria equi infect

24
Q

piroplasmidia include

A

babesia, theileria, cytauxzoon

25
which ticks are vectors for equine piroplasmidia
Dermcentor, Rhipicephalus, and Hyalomma
26
symptoms of Theileria equi
Acute: Fever, malaise, anorexia, depression and tachycardia accompanied by anemia (may see hemoglobinuria). Death may occur due to severe anemia * Sub-acute: same as acute, but symptoms intermittent and less severe * Chronic: mild anemia with variable fever and weight loss (infections may resolve clinically, but parasites persist)
27
lone star tick Amblyomma americanum ornante, long mouthparts
28
bobcat fever is caused by
Cytauxzoon felis Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon
29
reservoir for Cytauxzoon felis
bobcats, other wild felids and domestic cats if they survive- very deadly disease Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon
30
what is the vector for Cytauxzoon felis
Amblyommma americanum (lone star tick) bobcat fever
31
symptoms of Cytauxzoon felis
bobcat fever- anemia, fever, anorexia, enlarged spleen or lymph nodes very deadly within days. cats that survive remain carriers Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon
32
transmission of Cytauxzoon felis
lone star tick saliva to bobcat infect macrophages then exploded into RBC can kill host, very few survive- NOT suitable reservoirs
33
Hepatozoon americanum vector is the
gulf coast tick- Amblyomma maculatum
34
transmission of Hepatozoon americanum
spread when dog eats infected Amblyoma maculatum (the Gulf Coast tick) will form onion skin cyst inside macrophages in cardiac and skeletal muscle
35
symptoms of Hepatozoon americanum
fever, weight loss, decreased appetite severe muscle pain- form large cysts- onion skin in skeletal and cardiac muscle gamonrs found in neutrophils and monocytes in the blood death in 1 year, treatment 5-6 years Coccidia Protozoa
36
prognosis of Hepatozoon americanum
severe muscle pain from the onion skin cysts in the skeletal and cardiac muscle death in 1 year, 5-6 with treatment spread by eating gulf coast tick
37
Newly emerging parasite of donkeys in the US
Besnoitia coccidia protozoa
38
symptoms of Bovine Besnoitosis
cysts in eye cysts in vulvar alopecia nodules in udder
39
life cycle of Besnoitia
not really known
40
Cystoisospora lifecycle
1 host