27. piroplasma

Question 1

piroplasmidia include —

Answer 1

Babesia
Theileria
Cytauxzoon

they are all apicomplexa protozoa

Question 2

— are pair shape

Answer 2

piroplasms- blood protozoans transmitted by ticks

: Babesia
Theileria
Cytauxzoon

Question 3

Important blood parasites of cattle in many parts of the world. Occasional parasites of dogs in US.

Answer 3

babesia

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

Question 4

Cause of East Coast Fever in African
cattle. Emerging threat in the US.

Answer 4

Theileria

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

Question 5

— Recently identified as parasite of cats - almost all cases have been fatal

Answer 5

Cytauxzoon

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

Question 6

Texas cattle fever vector is —

Answer 6

Babesia bigemina

one-host tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus)

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

Question 7

Red water fever is cattle is caused by

Answer 7

Babesia bovis

vector is one host tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) (blue tick, hexagonal head, inornate, no festoons)

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

Question 8

B. gibsoni or B canis vogeli is found world wide

Answer 8

B. gibsoni

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

Question 9

small babesia

Answer 9

Babesia gibsoni - 2.5 mcm

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

Question 10

large babesia

Answer 10

B. canis vogeli- 5 mcm

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

Question 11

Answer 11

B canis vogeli

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

Question 12

how is Babesia transmitted

Answer 12

blood to blood contact- fighting- think pitbull

infected tick- Rhipicephalus sanguineus (The brown dog tick )

Question 13

identify

Answer 13

inornate
short mouthparts + festoons

Rhipicephalus sanguineus
‣ The brown dog tick

Question 14

brown dog tick

Answer 14

Rhipicephalus sanguineus
‣ The brown dog tick

3 host tick- parasite transmitted through bite in saliva

transovarian and transstadial transmission

Question 15

Rhipicephalus sanguineus spread Babesia canis vogeli by

Answer 15

transovarian- in eggs

transstadial- molts remain infected

3 host tick, prefers dogs for all host

spread through saliva of tick

Question 16

symptoms of babesiosis

Answer 16

moderate to severe hemolytic anemia

Lethargy/depression, fever, anorexia, bounding pulse, weight loss

usually effects puppies

no cure- infected for life

Question 17

Babesia gibsoni is transferred by

Answer 17

?? no confirmed vector

transfer by contact with infected blood - fighting- pitbulls

Question 18

symptoms of B. gibsoni

Answer 18

small babesia- spread by fighting

young puppies: fever, lethargy, thrombocytopenia and anemia

no cure- infected for life

Question 19

how to diagnosis Babesia

Answer 19

blood smears- see pear shaped parasite inside RBC

serology- can have false + and negative results

Question 20

B canis vogeli infects

Answer 20

greyhounds by tick transmission

Question 21

Dogs diagnosed with Babesia should be
considered —

Answer 21

permanent carriers

Question 22

Babesia caballi infect

Answer 22

equine

Question 23

Theileria equi infect

Answer 23

horses

Question 24

piroplasmidia include

Answer 24

babesia, theileria, cytauxzoon

Question 25

which ticks are vectors for equine piroplasmidia

Answer 25

Dermcentor, Rhipicephalus, and Hyalomma

Question 26

symptoms of Theileria equi

Answer 26

Acute: Fever, malaise, anorexia, depression and tachycardia accompanied by anemia (may see hemoglobinuria). Death may occur due to severe anemia * Sub-acute: same as acute, but symptoms intermittent and less severe * Chronic: mild anemia with variable fever and weight loss (infections may resolve clinically, but parasites persist)

Question 27

Answer 27

lone star tick Amblyomma americanum ornante, long mouthparts

Question 28

bobcat fever is caused by

Answer 28

Cytauxzoon felis Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

Question 29

reservoir for Cytauxzoon felis

Answer 29

bobcats, other wild felids and domestic cats if they survive- very deadly disease Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

Question 30

what is the vector for Cytauxzoon felis

Answer 30

Amblyommma americanum (lone star tick) bobcat fever

Question 31

symptoms of Cytauxzoon felis

Answer 31

bobcat fever- anemia, fever, anorexia, enlarged spleen or lymph nodes very deadly within days. cats that survive remain carriers Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

Question 32

transmission of Cytauxzoon felis

Answer 32

lone star tick saliva to bobcat infect macrophages then exploded into RBC can kill host, very few survive- NOT suitable reservoirs

Question 33

Hepatozoon americanum vector is the

Answer 33

gulf coast tick- Amblyomma maculatum

Question 34

transmission of Hepatozoon americanum

Answer 34

spread when dog eats infected Amblyoma maculatum (the Gulf Coast tick) will form onion skin cyst inside macrophages in cardiac and skeletal muscle

Question 35

symptoms of Hepatozoon americanum

Answer 35

fever, weight loss, decreased appetite severe muscle pain- form large cysts- onion skin in skeletal and cardiac muscle gamonrs found in neutrophils and monocytes in the blood death in 1 year, treatment 5-6 years Coccidia Protozoa

Question 36

prognosis of Hepatozoon americanum

Answer 36

severe muscle pain from the onion skin cysts in the skeletal and cardiac muscle death in 1 year, 5-6 with treatment spread by eating gulf coast tick

Question 37

Newly emerging parasite of donkeys in the US

Answer 37

Besnoitia coccidia protozoa

Question 38

symptoms of Bovine Besnoitosis

Answer 38

cysts in eye cysts in vulvar alopecia nodules in udder

Question 39

life cycle of Besnoitia

Answer 39

not really known

Question 40

Cystoisospora lifecycle

Answer 40

1 host