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Fall 22: Parasites > 27. piroplasma > Flashcards

27. piroplasma Flashcards

1
Q

piroplasmidia include —

A

Babesia
Theileria
Cytauxzoon

they are all apicomplexa protozoa

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2
Q

— are pair shape

A

piroplasms- blood protozoans transmitted by ticks

: Babesia
Theileria
Cytauxzoon

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3
Q

Important blood parasites of cattle in many parts of the world. Occasional parasites of dogs in US.

A

babesia

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

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4
Q

Cause of East Coast Fever in African
cattle. Emerging threat in the US.

A

Theileria

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

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5
Q

— Recently identified as parasite of cats - almost all cases have been fatal

A

Cytauxzoon

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

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6
Q

Texas cattle fever vector is —

A

Babesia bigemina

one-host tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus)

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

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7
Q

Red water fever is cattle is caused by

A

Babesia bovis

vector is one host tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) (blue tick, hexagonal head, inornate, no festoons)

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

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8
Q

B. gibsoni or B canis vogeli is found world wide

A

B. gibsoni

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

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9
Q

small babesia

A

Babesia gibsoni - 2.5 mcm

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

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10
Q

large babesia

A

B. canis vogeli- 5 mcm

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

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11
Q
A

B canis vogeli

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

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12
Q

how is Babesia transmitted

A

blood to blood contact- fighting- think pitbull

infected tick- Rhipicephalus sanguineus (The brown dog tick )

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13
Q

identify

A

inornate
short mouthparts + festoons

Rhipicephalus sanguineus
‣ The brown dog tick

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14
Q

brown dog tick

A

Rhipicephalus sanguineus
‣ The brown dog tick

3 host tick- parasite transmitted through bite in saliva

transovarian and transstadial transmission

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15
Q

Rhipicephalus sanguineus spread Babesia canis vogeli by

A

transovarian- in eggs

transstadial- molts remain infected

3 host tick, prefers dogs for all host

spread through saliva of tick

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16
Q

symptoms of babesiosis

A

moderate to severe hemolytic anemia

Lethargy/depression, fever, anorexia, bounding pulse, weight loss

usually effects puppies

no cure- infected for life

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17
Q

Babesia gibsoni is transferred by

A

?? no confirmed vector

transfer by contact with infected blood - fighting- pitbulls

18
Q

symptoms of B. gibsoni

A

small babesia- spread by fighting

young puppies: fever, lethargy, thrombocytopenia and anemia

no cure- infected for life

19
Q

how to diagnosis Babesia

A

blood smears- see pear shaped parasite inside RBC

serology- can have false + and negative results

20
Q

B canis vogeli infects

A

greyhounds by tick transmission

21
Q

Dogs diagnosed with Babesia should be
considered —

A

permanent carriers

22
Q

Babesia caballi infect

A

equine

23
Q

Theileria equi infect

A

horses

24
Q

piroplasmidia include

A

babesia, theileria, cytauxzoon

25
Q

which ticks are vectors for equine piroplasmidia

A

Dermcentor,
Rhipicephalus, and Hyalomma

26
Q

symptoms of Theileria equi

A

Acute: Fever, malaise, anorexia, depression and
tachycardia accompanied by anemia (may see
hemoglobinuria). Death may occur due to severe
anemia

  • Sub-acute: same as acute, but symptoms intermittent and less severe
  • Chronic: mild anemia with variable fever and weight loss (infections may resolve clinically, but parasites persist)
27
Q
A

lone star tick
Amblyomma americanum

ornante, long mouthparts

28
Q

bobcat fever is caused by

A

Cytauxzoon felis

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

29
Q

reservoir for Cytauxzoon felis

A

bobcats, other wild felids and domestic cats if they survive- very deadly disease

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

30
Q

what is the vector for Cytauxzoon felis

A

Amblyommma americanum (lone star tick)

bobcat fever

31
Q

symptoms of Cytauxzoon felis

A

bobcat fever-
anemia, fever, anorexia, enlarged spleen
or lymph nodes

very deadly within days. cats that survive remain carriers

Piroplasms: Babesia, Theileria, Cytauxzoon

32
Q

transmission of Cytauxzoon felis

A

lone star tick saliva to bobcat

infect macrophages then exploded into RBC

can kill host, very few survive- NOT suitable reservoirs

33
Q

Hepatozoon americanum vector is the

A

gulf coast tick- Amblyomma maculatum

34
Q

transmission of Hepatozoon americanum

A

spread when dog eats infected Amblyoma maculatum (the Gulf Coast tick)

will form onion skin cyst inside macrophages in cardiac and skeletal muscle

35
Q

symptoms of Hepatozoon americanum

A

fever, weight loss, decreased appetite

severe muscle pain- form large cysts- onion skin in skeletal and cardiac muscle

gamonrs found in neutrophils and monocytes in the blood

death in 1 year, treatment 5-6 years

Coccidia Protozoa

36
Q

prognosis of Hepatozoon americanum

A

severe muscle pain from the onion skin cysts in the skeletal and cardiac muscle

death in 1 year, 5-6 with treatment

spread by eating gulf coast tick

37
Q

Newly emerging parasite of donkeys in the US

A

Besnoitia

coccidia protozoa

38
Q

symptoms of Bovine Besnoitosis

A

cysts in eye
cysts in vulvar
alopecia
nodules in udder

39
Q

life cycle of Besnoitia

A

not really known

40
Q

Cystoisospora lifecycle

A

1 host

Fall 22: Parasites (32 decks)

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