20. fleas Flashcards
fleas are laterally or horizontally compressed?
laterally
small wingless, blood feeding insects
flea
what type of flea drinks blood
male and female adults
are fleas host specific?
no, jump from host to host
flea larva eat
adult poop that contains blood
fleas have how many legs
6, last pair used to jump
combs on fleas are also called
ctenidae
lifecycle of flea
what type of flea penetrates skin
tunga
— are fleas with long term attachment
echidnophaga (stick tight fleas)
dog and cat
Ctenocephalides
have eyes
pronotal and genal combs
rounded head
infect dogs and cats
transmit Dipylidium caninum, Rickettsia typhi (murine thyphus) and
Bartonella henselae (cat scratch disease)
bites cause itchiness and dermatitis
Ctenocephalides infect
dogs and cats
what do ctenocephalides look like
has eyes
pronotal and genal combs
rounded head
Ctenocephalides transmit
Transmit Dipylidium caninum, Rickettsia typhi (murine thyphus) and
Bartonella henselae (cat scratch disease)
rat
Xenopsylla cheopis
oriental rat flea
has eyes, no comb, rounded head
transmit plaque and murine thyphus
oriental rat flea transmit
plague and murine thyphus
XENOPSYLLA CHEOPIS
no comb, has eyes, rounded head
human flea is called
Pulex irritans
no comb, smooth head, has eyes
pulex irritans infect
humans, dogs, cats, rats, badgers, pigs
transmit Yersinia pestis (plague)
no comb, smooth head, has eyes
Pulex irritans transmit
transmit Yersinia pestis (plague)
no comb, smooth head, has eyes
human flea
spilopsyllus cuniculi look
have eyes and both combs
live in ears of hosts- cats, dogs, rabbits
rabbit flea
the rabbit flea is
Spilopsyllus cuniculi
eyes, both comb
live in ears of host
Spilopsyllus cuniculi infect
dogs and cats that hunt rabbits
rabbit flea- live in ears of host
eyes and both combs
Spilopsyllus cuniculi transmit
Myxomatosis virus
ECHIDNOPHAGA GALLINACEA
stick- tight flea of birds
no combs, + eyes, head truncated
Echidnophaga gallinacae infect
bare areas of the head, comb and wattles of poultry, can also infect cats and dogs
no combs, + eyes, head truncated
lifecycle of Echidnophaga gallinacea
females burrow into the skin and remain there for 2-6 weeks
stick- tight flea of birds
no combs, + eye, head truncated
signs of echidnophaga gallinacae infestation
ulceration and 2 o bacterial infection, anemia, reduced growth and poor egg production
Birds will be restless and often scratch the affected
areas
stick- tight flea of birds
no combs, + eye, head truncated
jigger/chigger/chigoe flea are
tunga penetrans
infect humans and pigs
no comb, head truncated
life cycle of tunga penetrans
Mating occurs on the skin surface
After fertilization, females burrow into the skin to form
a pocket
Once the females get engorged, they cause serious pain, inflammation, itching and ulceration
no combs, head truncated
tunga penetrans infect
humans and pigs
mating on skin surface, then females burrow into the skin to form a pocket
how to diagnose flea infestation
clinical signs, itchiness, flea dirt- blood
Check the animal body for the insect
Check the animal housing, beddings, rugs etc for adults, larvae or eggs
control of fleas
Treat and prevent infestation on the host
Break the life cycle in the environment
Control the immune response to the flea alergens
are small, dark brown, wingless and obligate blood-feeding insects
fleas
comb by mouth is called
genal comb
comb at back of head is called
pronotal comb
fleas cause
flea bite/allergic dermatitis. This is a cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction to the salivary secretions of fleas during blood feeding characterized by severe itching and painful skin wounds which can be complicated by secondary bacterial infections
life cycle of flea
complete- holometabolous
occurs mostly off host in environment
Fleas have preferred hosts but in general are —
not strictly host specific.
Some species (eg. —, the “sticktight flea”) are firmly, often permenently attached to the exterior of the host integument.
Echidnophaga gallinacia
—, the chigoe flea)actually penetrate the outer layers of the host integument and develop within an intracutaneous pocket.
Tunga penetrans
C. felis and C. canis may act as intermediate hosts of —
Dipylidium caninum.
(dog double pored tapeworm)
Rodent fleas, Xenopsylla cheopis, and C. felis serve to transmit the causative agent — between reservoir hosts (rats, opossums) and to humans.
Rickettsia typhi
— Block
development of immatures fleas
Growth reglators (“GR’s”, Third Generation insecticides)
Inert microcrystalline materials; abrade waxy layer of
larval cuticle. Cause dessication.
Abrasive aerogels
Systemic chitin synthase inhibitor administered to
host. When ingested by flea during bloodfeeding, prevents formation of cuticular structures in developing embryo and any hatched larvae
Metabolic inhibitor
