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Fall 22: Parasites > 09. strongyloides > Flashcards

09. strongyloides Flashcards

1
Q

general characteristics of Metastrongylus sp.

A

bronchi and bronchioles of swine (lung worm)
bursa is well developed
not common in USA

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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2
Q

what test for Metastrongylus sp.

A

fecal float

pig lung worm

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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3
Q

treatment and control of Metastrongylus sp.

A

fenbendazole, ivermectin

limit access to intermediate host- earthworm

clean poop

lung worm in pigs

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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4
Q

Protostrongylus rufescens infect

A

smaller bronchioles of sheep and goats

lung worm of sheep and goats

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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5
Q

Muellerius capillaris infect what animal

A

lung of sheep and goat

lung worm

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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6
Q

Metastrongylus sp. infect

A

bronchi and bronchioles of pigs

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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7
Q

characteristics of Protostrongylus refescens

A

well developed bursa
most cases asymptomatic

smaller bronchioles of sheep and goats

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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8
Q

characteristics of Muellerius capillaris

A

well developed bursa
mostly asymptomatic

lung worm of sheep and goats

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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9
Q

lifecycle of Protostrongylus rufescens

A

indirect
no egg- released as L1 larva
intermediate host snail
DH: sheep and goats

same life cycle as Muellerius capillaris

smaller bronchioles of sheep and goats

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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10
Q

lifecycle of Muellerius capillaris

A

indirect
no egg- released as L1 larva
intermediate host snail
DH: sheep and goats

same lifecycle as Protostrongylus rufescens

lung worm of sheep and goat

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis

MAAPPMFC

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11
Q

best test for Protostrongylus rufescens

A

baermann Test
no eggs in stool, poop out L1 larva

plain tail

smaller bronchioles of sheep and goats

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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12
Q

best test for Muellerius capillaries

A

baermann test

no eggs, give birth to L1 larva

Same as P. rufescens

lung worm of sheep and goats

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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13
Q

what does Protostrongylus rufescens larva look like

A

plain tail

smaller bronchioles worm of sheep and goat

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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14
Q

what does Muellerius capillaris larva look like

A

kinded tail with accessory spine

lung worm of sheep and goats
indirect life cycle- give birth to live larva

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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15
Q

treatment and control of Muellerius capillaris

A

moxidectin in sheep
epriomectin in goats

limit access to IH (snails)

bronchiole worm of sheep and goats, live larve

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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16
Q

treatment and control of Protostrongylus sp.

A

Febendazole

limit access to snails (IH)

lung worm of sheep and goats- live larvae

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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17
Q

Parelaphostrongylus tenuis infect

A

deer

brain worm of white tailed deer

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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18
Q

general characteristics of Parelaphostrongylus tenuis

A

asymptomatic in brain of white tailed deer

but if in abnormal host: horse, cattle ect. will be 100% fatal!

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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19
Q

what are three parasites found in ruminants that give birth to live L1 larva

A

Muellerius capillaris- small bronchioles of sheep and goat
Protostrongylus spp- (P. rufescens) lung worm of sheep and goat
Dictyocaulus spp(D. viviparus)- cattle lung worm

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20
Q

lifecycle of parelaphostrongylus tenuis

A

indirect
IH: snails
DH: white tailed deer

no eggs- release L1 larva
L3 move from digestive tract up spinal nerves to the brain
L1 coughed up and swallowed and pooped out

brain worm of white tailed deer

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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21
Q

diagnosis of parelaphostrongylus tenuis

A

presumptive- no real test
based off symptoms- neuro issues and exposure to white tailed deer

no treatment

brain worm of white tailed deer

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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22
Q

aelurostrongylus abstrusus infect

A

lungs of cats and rarely dogs

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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23
Q

characteristics of Aelurostrongylys abstrusus

A

lung worm of cats and sometimes dogs

reduced bursa

most asymptomatic
mild- cough and anorexia
heavy- fatal, cough, dyspnea, polypnea

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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24
Q

symptoms of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus

A

most asymptomatic
mild- cough and anorexia
heavy- fatal, cough, dyspnea, polypnea

lung worm of cats +- dogs

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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25
Q

lifecycle of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus

A

indirect

no egg- live larva
IH (snail)
paratenic host (birds and mice) or ingest L3 larva
grow in lungs

lung worm of cats and *dogs

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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26
Q

test for Aelurostrongylus abstrusus

A

baermann test- live L1 in poop

S shaped curve and dorsal spine

lung worm of cats

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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27
Q

what do L1 of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus look like

A

severe kink- S shaped
dorsal spine

lung worm of cats- live L1

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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28
Q

what are four L1 found in poop of cats and dogs

A

Crenosoma vulpis- bronchioles, trachea of dogs, foxes, wolf, racoon and wild carnivors
Angiostrongylus vasorum- pulmonary arteries and lung of dogs, coyotes and foxes
Filaroides spp.- canine tracheal and bronchial nodular worm
Aelurostrongylus abstrusus- cat and dogs lung worm

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29
Q

treatment of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus

A

fenbendazole + prednisone (lung lesions)

limit access to IH(snails)
PH (mice and birds)

lung worm of cats and * dogs

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

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30
Q

angiostrongylus vasorum infect

A

pulmonary arteries and lungs of dogs, coyotes and foxes

french heartworm

not common in america

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

31
Q

symptoms of angiostrongylus vasorum

A

French heartworm
cardiopulmonary disease
clotting disorder
ocular and CNS disease

pulmonary arteries and lungs of dogs, coyotes and foxes

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

32
Q

lifecycle of angiostrongylus vasorum

A

indirect
no eggs- live L1
IH (snails and other mollusks)
PH (frogs)
DH( dogs, coyotes and foxes)

pulmonary arteries and lungs of dogs, coyotes and foxes

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

33
Q

test for angiostrongylus vasorum

A

baermann test
lung worm- no eggs- Live L1 larva in the poop

Xray, antigen test and PCR

cephalic button on the anterior end, severe S shape kink, dorsal spine

french heartworm- pulmonary arteries + lungs of dogs, coyotes and foxes

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

34
Q
A

angiostrongylus vasorum

pulmonary arteries + lungs of dogs, coyotes and foxes- french heartworm

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

35
Q
A

Aelurostrongylus abstrusus

lungs of cats and * dogs

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

36
Q
A

Parelaphostrongylus tenuis

brain worm of white tailed deer

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

37
Q
A

Protostrongylus rufescens or Muellerius capillaris

P.R- smaller bronchioles of sheep + goats
M.C- lungs of sheep + goats

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

38
Q

what does L1 of Angiostrongylus vasorum look like?

A

cephalic button on the anterior end, severe kink (S shaped curve) and dorsal spine

Not common in USA

(looks similar to A. Abstrusus- curve and dorsal spine)

pulomary arteries + lung of dogs, coyotes and foxes- french heartworm

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

39
Q

treatment for angiostrongylus vasorum

A

ivermectin

routine preventives do not work!

prevent hunting- paratenic host (frog), IH (molluskan)

French heartworm- pulmonary arteries + lungs of dogs, coyotes and foxes

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

40
Q

Filaroides osleri infect

A

canine tracheal and bronchial nodular worm

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

41
Q

symptoms of Filaroides osleri

A

wart like, granular or hemorrhagic nodules in trachea and bronchi of dogs and other canids

dry cough with exercise and exposure to cold air

respiratory distress in young animals

PPP 5-6 months

tracheal and bornchial nodular worm of canines

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

42
Q

what causes dry cough with exercise or exposure to cold air in dogs?

A

Filaroides osleri

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

43
Q

PPP of Filaroides osleri

A

5-6 months

nodules in trachea and bronchi of canids

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

44
Q

Filaroides hirthi infect

A

lung parenchyma of dogs and other canids

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

45
Q

clincial signs of Filaroides hirthi

A

focal granulomatous reaction
fatal in immunodeficent animals
PPP 32-35 days (much faster then Fiaroides osleri 5-6 months)

canine lungworm

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

46
Q

which Filaroides that effect dogs has a faster PPP?

A

Filaroides hirthi - 32-35 days

Filaroides osleri- 5-6 months

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

47
Q

lifecycle of Filaroides spp.

A

direct
infectious at L1!
no eggs- Live L1 in feces

L1 passed in poop or by saliva

lung worm of dogs

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

48
Q

how to pass Filaroides spp.

A

ingestion of vomit, lung tissue or feces

maternal grooming

Live L1 in stool

lung worm of canine

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

49
Q
A

Filaroides spp

L1 already infectious
no egg- live L1
spread in poop, vomit and saliva

lung worm of dogs

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

50
Q

test for Filaroides spp.

A

Fecal exam- look for L1 larva- usually already dead so baermann test won’t work

Bronchoalveolar lavage- wash out lungs where worm lives and breeds

Centrifugal Zinc Flotation- detect L1 in feces

severe kink (S shaped curve) NO dorsal spine

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

51
Q

what does L1 of Filaorides spp. look like

A

No dorsal spine

severe S shaped kink

lung worm of dogs

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

52
Q

compare L1 of Crenosoma vulpis
A. abstrusus
A. vasorum
Filaroides spp.

A

Crenosoma vulpis- C shaped when killed, NO S shaped kink and NO dorsal spine
A. abstrusus- dorsal spine, S shaped kink
A. vasorum- cephalic button on anterior end, dorsal spine, S shaped curve (not found in USA)
Filaroides spp.- NO dorsal spine, S shaped kink

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

53
Q

treatment of Filaroides spp

A

very hard to treat

ivermectin

isolate positive dogs

C-section and foster mothers

lung worm of dogs spread by grooming!

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

54
Q

Crenosoma vulpis infect

A

bronchioles, bronchi, and trachea of dogs, foxes, wolfs, racoons, and other wild carnivors

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

55
Q

symptoms of Crenosoma vulpis

A

nonfatal chronic cough
pneumonia

can minic allergic reaction and be misdiagnosed

Bronchioles-trachea of dog, fox, racoon

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

56
Q

adult Crenosoma vulpis look like

A

cuticle with crenated folds

rare in USA

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

57
Q
A

Crenosoma vulpis

bronchioles, bronchi, and trachea of dogs, foxes, wolfs, racoons

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

58
Q

life cycle of crenosoma vulpis

A

indirect
DH: domestic and wild carnivores
IH: snails
infective at L3
no eggs: live L1
PPP 19 days

bronchioles-trachea of dogs and wild carnivores

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

59
Q

test for Crenosoma vulpis

A

Baermann- detect L1 in poop

C shape when killed
No Kink, No dorsal spine

bronchioles-trachea dogs, fox, wolf, racoon

Metastrongylus: Meta, aeluro abstrusus, angio, Proto refescens, parelaph tenuis, muellerius capillaris, filaroides, crenosoma vulipis
MAAPPMFC

60
Q

intestinal threadworms are

A

Strongyloides spp

small intestine of domestic animals and human

61
Q

female strongyloides can be —

A

parthenogenetic
asexual reproduction - no male needed

62
Q

symptoms of Strongyloides spp.

A

heavy infection- enteritits and repirartory signs
sever or fatal in immunocompromised host

small intestine of domestic animals and human- intestinal threadworm

63
Q

Strongyloides stercoralis infect

A

dogs and humans
zoonotic

intestinal threadworm

64
Q

Strongyloides tumefaciens infect

A

cats
rare in us

65
Q

Strongyloides ransomi infect

A

pigs

66
Q

Strongyloides westeri infect

A

horses

67
Q

Strongyloides papillosus infect

A

cattle

68
Q

spread of strongyloides in humans

A

Internal autoinfection: L3 reinvade the host by penetrating the bowel wall

External autoinfection: L3 reinvade the host by penetrating the perianal skin

intestinal threadworms

69
Q

lifecycle of strongyloides spp.

A

direct

domestic animal or human host

No egg- poop has live L1

Homogonic cycle: inside host- no free living adult stage in environment
females are asexual- will reinvade (autoinfection)

Herterogonic cycle- male and female adult worms in the environment - invade by skin penetration of L3

PPP 1 week

threadworm of intestine

70
Q

which lifecycle of strongyloides has a male and female adult worm?

A

hertergonic cycle (free living in environment)

L3 will invade host by skin penetration

intestinal threadworm- zoonotic

71
Q

test for Strongyloides stercoralis

A

baermann test
detect L1 in poop

Coproculture/fecal culture- used to find L3

L1- look like hatched hookworm- straight tail no accessory spines

L3- long esophagus

intestinal threadworm- zoonotic

72
Q

L1 and L3 strongyloides stercoralis look

A

L1- straight tail lacking accessory spines- genital enlargment

L3- long esophagus

intestinal threadworm- no egg, live L1

73
Q

treatment of Strongyloides

A

ivermectin

wear shoes- skin penetation

clean up poop

intestinal threadworm- live L1 in poop

74
Q

strongyloides egg

A

smaller then strongid type egg

contains a larva
50-35microm

Fall 22: Parasites (32 decks)

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