25 coccidia

Question 1

Answer 1

eimeria

Question 2

Unicellular eukaryotic parasites, they
move by gliding and invade host cells where they replicate

Answer 2

apicomplexa

Question 3

coccidia make — which are meiotic spores

Answer 3

oocyst

Question 4

most apicomplexa have — organelles

Answer 4

plastids- little chloroplasts that provide food and color to cells

Question 5

ampicomplexa have — genome

Answer 5

haplonts (1N)

will go through meiosis immediately after fertilization

Question 6

how do apicomplexa move

Answer 6

gliding- conveyor belt

actin/myosin and trail of parasite protein

(sorta like a snail)

Question 7

— system moves proteins that are secreted onto the surface at the
apical end in to the basal
end of the parasite like a conveyor belt

Answer 7

actin/myosin

Question 8

— deliver adhesion complexes to the parasite surface and
are needed for gliding
and invasion

Answer 8

Micronemes

Question 9

— are secreted
only during invasion

Answer 9

Rhoptries

Question 10

Dense Granules are
secreted after —

Answer 10

invasion

Question 11

Actin filaments are moved by myosin motors anchored in the parasite cell to the — and its microtubule skeleton by the GAP complex

Answer 11

pellicle

Question 12

how does apicomplexan get into host cell

Answer 12

moving junctions

rhoptries inject protein into host cell that acts as anchor gliding machine (micronemes) to pull cell into the cell

leave behind small piece as door

Question 13

Parasite —- ‘inject’
proteins into the host cell
(RON) to serve as receptors for proteins secreted by —- that link to the gliding machine (AMA)

Answer 13

rhoptries

micronemes

Question 14

DNA replication, nucleur division, and daughter formation occur together and two cells emerge

Answer 14

Endodyogeny

Question 15

Multiple rounds of DNA replication and nuclear division lead to multinucleated schizont. Each nucleus is ‘packed’ into a daughter in final division and many cells emerge at once

Answer 15

Schizogony

Question 16

DNA replicates
multiple times yielding a large polyploid nucleus. In final division nucleus split into many small nuclei that are ‘packed’ into daughters. Many
cells emerge at once

Answer 16

Endopolygeny

Question 17

crypto oocyst looks like

Answer 17

sporozoites/oocyst

Question 18

eimeria oocyst look like

Answer 18

4 sporocysts/oocysts
2 sporozoites/sporocyst
8 sporozoites/oocyst

Question 19

Answer 19

Question 20

cyclospora oocysts look

Answer 20

Question 21

eimeria have — life cycle

Answer 21

single host

highly host specific

Question 22

steps of eimeria lifecycle

Answer 22

Schizogony- asexual reproduction- amplify parasite and cause cell destruction

Gamogony- male gametes with 2 flagella

Sporogony- meiosis outside the host

Question 23

chicken coccidiosis causes

Answer 23

Infected birds are lethargic, have ruffled feathers, tend to huddle
and exhibit diarrhea, with or without blood. Laying hens produce fewer eggs, broilers show reduced feed conversion.

Question 24

Infection with some Eimeria species produces significant
microbiome changes that leave birds vulnerable to secondary
infection – strong association with E. tenella and — which results in necrotic enteritis high mortality

Answer 24

Clostridium
perfringens

Question 25

chicken coccidiosis infects

Answer 25

young birds in new environment

Question 26

different eimeria form niches within —

Answer 26

different parts of avian GI tract

Question 27

— is highly pathogenic and causes distended ceca with bloody lesions

Answer 27

E. tenella

chicken disease

Question 28

— infects small intestine and causes distention and hemorrhage

Answer 28

E. necatrix

Question 29

anti-coccial drugs are —

Answer 29

ionophores- allow charged particle to move across membrane

most of these drugs are now resistant

Question 30

vaccination for eimeria

Answer 30

live attenuated vaccine
sprayed on chicks

Question 31

precocious vaccine life cycle

Answer 31

shortened to decrease pathogenicity

Question 32

Bovine coccidiosis cause

Answer 32

watery feces and soiled perineum

Question 33

what three cattle coccidiosis cause disease

Answer 33

E. zuernii, E. bovis, and E. auburnensis.

cause watery feces and soiled perineum

Question 34

stress will cause — in bovine coccidosis

Answer 34

death, delay in weight gain

cold stress- nervous form- tremors and convulsions

Question 35

— cause of foul smelling yellowish diarrheal disease in nursing piglets

Answer 35

Isopora suis

Question 36

pigs

Answer 36

Isopora suis

Question 37

Isopora suis coinfection with — cause bloody diarrhea and increased weight loss and higher mortality

Answer 37

Clostridium perfringes

Question 38

explain antifolate therapy

Answer 38

double strike

used to treat coccidia parasite

block folate synthesis
block folate recharging

Question 39

— are unicellular eukaryotic parasites that move
by gliding, invade cells, and replicate within them

Answer 39

Apicomplexa

Question 40

— are a subclass or Apicomplexa that produce environmentally hardy meiotic spores or — and cause infection of intestinal epithelia (Eimeria) as well as deep tissue infection (Toxoplasma, Sarcocystis)

Answer 40

Coccidia

oocysts

Question 41

— and related species have a — asexual &
sexual lifecycle and cause — disease in most animals of veterinary interest.

Answer 41

Eimeria

single host

diarrheal

Question 42

toxoplasma use — to divide

Answer 42

endodyogeny- normal division

Question 43

plasmodium use — to divide

Answer 43

Schizogony- many nuclei break into many daughter cells

Question 44

Sarcocystis use — to divide

Answer 44

endopolygeny- really big nucleus that breaks into many daughter cells

Question 45

Answer 45

eimeria

Question 46

Answer 46

isopora
toxoplasma

Question 47

Answer 47

cyclospora

Question 48

Answer 48

cryptosporidium