25 coccidia Flashcards

1
Q
A

eimeria

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2
Q

Unicellular eukaryotic parasites, they
move by gliding and invade host cells where they replicate

A

apicomplexa

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3
Q

coccidia make — which are meiotic spores

A

oocyst

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4
Q

most apicomplexa have — organelles

A

plastids- little chloroplasts that provide food and color to cells

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5
Q

ampicomplexa have — genome

A

haplonts (1N)

will go through meiosis immediately after fertilization

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6
Q

how do apicomplexa move

A

gliding- conveyor belt

actin/myosin and trail of parasite protein

(sorta like a snail)

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7
Q

— system moves proteins that are secreted onto the surface at the
apical end in to the basal
end of the parasite like a conveyor belt

A

actin/myosin

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8
Q

— deliver adhesion complexes to the parasite surface and
are needed for gliding
and invasion

A

Micronemes

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9
Q

— are secreted
only during invasion

A

Rhoptries

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10
Q

Dense Granules are
secreted after —

A

invasion

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11
Q

Actin filaments are moved by myosin motors anchored in the parasite cell to the — and its microtubule skeleton by the GAP complex

A

pellicle

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12
Q

how does apicomplexan get into host cell

A

moving junctions

rhoptries inject protein into host cell that acts as anchor gliding machine (micronemes) to pull cell into the cell

leave behind small piece as door

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13
Q

Parasite —- ‘inject’
proteins into the host cell
(RON) to serve as receptors for proteins secreted by —- that link to the gliding machine (AMA)

A

rhoptries

micronemes

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14
Q

DNA replication, nucleur division, and daughter formation occur together and two cells emerge

A

Endodyogeny

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15
Q

Multiple rounds of DNA replication and nuclear division lead to multinucleated schizont. Each nucleus is ‘packed’ into a daughter in final division and many cells emerge at once

A

Schizogony

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16
Q

DNA replicates
multiple times yielding a large polyploid nucleus. In final division nucleus split into many small nuclei that are ‘packed’ into daughters. Many
cells emerge at once

A

Endopolygeny

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17
Q

crypto oocyst looks like

A

sporozoites/oocyst

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18
Q

eimeria oocyst look like

A

4 sporocysts/oocysts
2 sporozoites/sporocyst
8 sporozoites/oocyst

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19
Q
A
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20
Q

cyclospora oocysts look

21
Q

eimeria have — life cycle

A

single host

highly host specific

22
Q

steps of eimeria lifecycle

A

Schizogony- asexual reproduction- amplify parasite and cause cell destruction

Gamogony- male gametes with 2 flagella

Sporogony- meiosis outside the host

23
Q

chicken coccidiosis causes

A

Infected birds are lethargic, have ruffled feathers, tend to huddle
and exhibit diarrhea, with or without blood. Laying hens produce fewer eggs, broilers show reduced feed conversion.

24
Q

Infection with some Eimeria species produces significant
microbiome changes that leave birds vulnerable to secondary
infection – strong association with E. tenella and — which results in necrotic enteritis high mortality

A

Clostridium
perfringens

25
chicken coccidiosis infects
young birds in new environment
26
different eimeria form niches within ---
different parts of avian GI tract
27
--- is highly pathogenic and causes distended ceca with bloody lesions
E. tenella chicken disease
28
--- infects small intestine and causes distention and hemorrhage
E. necatrix
29
anti-coccial drugs are ---
ionophores- allow charged particle to move across membrane most of these drugs are now resistant
30
vaccination for eimeria
live attenuated vaccine sprayed on chicks
31
precocious vaccine life cycle
shortened to decrease pathogenicity
32
Bovine coccidiosis cause
watery feces and soiled perineum
33
what three cattle coccidiosis cause disease
E. zuernii, E. bovis, and E. auburnensis. cause watery feces and soiled perineum
34
stress will cause --- in bovine coccidosis
death, delay in weight gain cold stress- nervous form- tremors and convulsions
35
--- cause of foul smelling yellowish diarrheal disease in nursing piglets
Isopora suis
36
pigs
Isopora suis
37
Isopora suis coinfection with --- cause bloody diarrhea and increased weight loss and higher mortality
Clostridium perfringes
38
explain antifolate therapy
double strike used to treat coccidia parasite block folate synthesis block folate recharging
39
--- are unicellular eukaryotic parasites that move by gliding, invade cells, and replicate within them
Apicomplexa
40
--- are a subclass or Apicomplexa that produce environmentally hardy meiotic spores or --- and cause infection of intestinal epithelia (Eimeria) as well as deep tissue infection (Toxoplasma, Sarcocystis)
Coccidia oocysts
41
--- and related species have a --- asexual & sexual lifecycle and cause --- disease in most animals of veterinary interest.
Eimeria single host diarrheal
42
toxoplasma use --- to divide
endodyogeny- normal division
43
plasmodium use --- to divide
Schizogony- many nuclei break into many daughter cells
44
Sarcocystis use --- to divide
endopolygeny- really big nucleus that breaks into many daughter cells
45
eimeria
46
isopora toxoplasma
47
cyclospora
48
cryptosporidium