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Fall 22: Parasites > 18 + 19. diptera and myiasis > Flashcards

18 + 19. diptera and myiasis Flashcards

1
Q

diptera are

A

true flies

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2
Q

flies have how many wings

A

2 pairs
1 little- halteres- used for balance

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3
Q

— are the little wings used for balance on flies

A

Halteres

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4
Q
A
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5
Q

antenna male vs female for flies

A
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6
Q

pilose antenna for flies

A

female

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7
Q

male fly antenna

A
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8
Q

male eye placement for flies

A

no frons (area between eyes)

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9
Q

female eye placement for flies

A

dichoptic

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10
Q

3 types of Diptera

A

Nematocera- smallest flies- CCPS

Brachycera- biggest- Tabanidae

Cyclorrhapha- medium sized- CHOM

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11
Q

nematocera wings and antenna

A

segments
8 ringed wings

Nematocera- smallest flies- CCPS

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12
Q

brachycera wings and antenna

A

3 segments with rings at the end

wing box with 3 veins off it

Brachycera- biggest- Tabanidae

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13
Q

Cyclorrhapha wings and antenna

A

3 segments with arista

angled vein

Cyclorrhapha- medium sized- CHOM

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14
Q

what type of diptera have arista antenna

A

Cyclorrhapha- medium sized- CHOM

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15
Q

— are mosquitos

A

culicidae

nocturnal
only females drink blood
eggs are laid in stagnant water
larva and pupa are aquatic

Nematocera- smallest flies- CCPS- have long segmented antenna and 8 ringed wings

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16
Q
A

anopheles

Culicidae- mosquito

Nematocera- smallest flies- CCPS- have long segmented antenna and 8 ringed wings

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17
Q
A

Aedes

Culicidae- mosquito

Nematocera- smallest flies- CCPS- have long segmented antenna and 8 ringed wings

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18
Q
A

culex

Culicidae- mosquito

Nematocera- smallest flies- CCPS- have long segmented antenna and 8 ringed wings

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19
Q

the larva and pupa of — are aquatic and found in stagnant water

A

culicidae- mosquitos

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20
Q

what are some things transmitted by culicidae

A

mosquitos

All genera transmit Dirofilaria immitis (heartworm), Dirofilaria repens, Eperythrozoon sius, Leucocytozoon sp., Plasmodium (malariain humans and birds), Wuchereria bancrofti (elephantiasis), Brugia sp., Western Equine encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, various arboviruses

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21
Q

— are black flies or buffalo gnats

A

Simulium

Nematocera- smallest flies- CCPS- have long segmented antenna and 8 ringed wings

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22
Q

Simulidae lay eggs in

A

fast flowing water

black flies/buffalo gnats

Nematocera- smallest flies- CCPS- have long segmented antenna and 8 ringed wings

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23
Q

Simulidae transmit

A

Onchocerca (eye nodule worm), Leucocytozoon,

Plasmodium,
Haemoproteus, , Eastern equine encephalitis virus

black fly/ buffalo gnat

Nematocera- smallest flies- CCPS- have long segmented antenna and 8 ringed wings

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24
Q

symptoms of simulidae

A

hide damage
very itchy- irritation and vesicles

black fly/ buffalo gnat

Nematocera- smallest flies- CCPS- have long segmented antenna and 8 ringed wings

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25
Q

sun flies/ biting midges are

A

ceratopodonidae (culicoides spp.)

Nematocera- smallest flies- CCPS- have long segmented antenna and 8 ringed wings

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26
Q

what does ceratopodonidae (culicoides spp.) look like

A

sun flies/ biting midges

humped thorax and mottled wings

Nematocera- smallest flies- CCPS- have long segmented antenna and 8 ringed wings

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27
Q

— are vectors for
Arboviruses - bluetoung virus of sheep
Hemosporida - some evidence for Leucocytozoon
Filariae - Onchocerca spp. eg. O. cervicalis in horses

A

ceratopodonidae (culicoides spp.)

sun flies/ biting midges

mottled wings

nematocera- smallest flies- CCPS- have long segmented antenna and 8 ringed wings

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28
Q

sand flies are

A

psychodidae (phlebotomus spp)

nematocera- smallest flies- CCPS- have long segmented antenna and 8 ringed wings

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29
Q
A

psychodidae (phlebotomus spp)

nematocera- smallest flies- CCPS- have long segmented antenna and 8 ringed wings

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30
Q

— are flies with bristles on the body that make them very heavy

A

psychodidae (phlebotomus spp)

lanceolate wings

nematocera- smallest flies- CCPS- have long segmented antenna and 8 ringed wings

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31
Q

— are vectors of leishmania

A

psychodidae (phlebotomus spp- sand flies)

cause leishmania

nematocera- smallest flies- CCPS- have long segmented antenna and 8 ringed wings

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32
Q
A

Tabanus - horse fly

Brachycera- Tabanidae- largest fly- 3 part antenna with rings, box with 3 veins wings

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33
Q
A

Haematopota- deer fly

Brachycera- Tabanidae- largest fly- 3 part antenna with rings, box with 3 veins wings

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34
Q
A

chrysops- deer/mango fly

Brachycera- Tabanidae- largest fly- 3 part antenna with rings, box with 3 veins wings

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35
Q

— are interrupted feeders and very big diptera

A

Brachycera- Tabanidae- largest fly- 3 part antenna with rings, box with 3 veins wings

have very painful bite that caused host to swat away adult- cause decreased feed intake

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36
Q

— are Vectors of Trypanosoma, Loa
loa, Pasturella tularensis,
Anthrax

A

Brachycera- Tabanidae- largest fly- 3 part antenna with rings, box with 3 veins wings

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37
Q
A

Brachycera- Tabanidae- largest fly- 3 part antenna with rings, box with 3 veins wings

have cutting mandible- sponging labellum- interrupted feeding, fly long distances

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38
Q

2 types of cyclorrhapha

A

cutting/piercing mouthparts

sponging mouthparts- non blood feeders

Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

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39
Q

myiatic flies are

A

Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

larva live inside skin

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40
Q

Muscidae

A

biting flies
Stomoxys (Stable fly) Glossina (TseTse fly) Hematobia (Horn fly)

NON- biting flies
Musca (House fly) Hydroteae (Head fly)

Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

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41
Q

horn fly

A

Hematobia

Biting fly- muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

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42
Q

TseTse fly

A

Glossina

Biting fly- muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

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43
Q

Stable fly

A

stomoxys

Biting fly- muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

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44
Q

house fly

A

Musca

non- biting fly- muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

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45
Q

head fly

A

Hydroteae

non- biting fly- muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

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46
Q

Stomoxys calitrans infect

A

cattle, dog, horse

stable fly

biting fly- muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

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47
Q
A

Stomoxys calcitrans

painful bites

Stable fly- biting fly- muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

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48
Q

what does stomoxys calcitrans look like

A

4 longitudinal stripes, 3 black dots

Stable fly- biting fly- muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

49
Q

Stomoxys calcitrans transmit

A

Trypanosoma (mechanical), Habronemosis, Hymenolepis, anthrax, Dermatophilosis

Stable fly- biting fly- muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

50
Q

glossina infect

A

mammals, reptiles and birds

cause African sleeping sickness

TseTse fly- biting fly- muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

51
Q

Are biological vectors of
Trypanosoma

A

glossina
Tse-Tse fly
African sleeping sickness

TseTse fly- biting fly- muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

52
Q
A

Glossina

TseTse fly- biting fly- muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

53
Q
A

Glossina

TseTse fly- biting fly- muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

54
Q

— are flies that lay live larvae instead of eggs

A

Glossina

TseTse fly- biting fly- muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

55
Q

— are horn flies

A

Haematobia (lyperosia) irritans

horn fly- biting fly- muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

56
Q

Haematobia irritans infect

A

horn, face, shoulders, back and belly of cattle, horses and donkeys

horn fly- biting fly- muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

57
Q

— Transmits Stephanofilaria
stilesis and Habronemosis in cattle, Parafilaria (summer sores) in horses and donkeys

A

Haematobia (lyperosia) irritans

horn fly- biting fly- muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

58
Q

what does haematobia (lyperosia) irritans look like

A

grey color and dark stripe on thorax
dark spots on abdomen

horn fly- biting fly- muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

59
Q

Musca domestica are —

A

domestic housefly

housefly- non blood sucking- muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

60
Q

Face fly is —

A

Musca autumnalis

non blood sucking - muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

61
Q

Musca domestica and M. autumnalis have — mouthparts

A

sponging

non-blood sucking-muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

62
Q

what does musca spp look like

A

sponging mouthparts

grey thorax and dark longitudinal stripes
abdomen yellow-brown

Their body is covered with hair, and they
have sticky pads on each tarsus (used in
passive transmission)

non-blood sucking-muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

63
Q
A

Musca domestica (housefly)
or
Musca autumnalis (face fly)

non-blood sucking-muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

64
Q

— body is covered with hair, and they
have sticky pads on each tarsus (used in
passive transmission)

A

Musca domestica (housefly)
or
Musca autumnalis (face fly)

non-blood sucking-muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

65
Q

transmit Parafilaria (summer sores), Habronema, Draschia, Thelezia (Eye worm), Choanotaenia, Moraxella
(Pink eye of cattle)

A

Musca domestica (housefly)
or
Musca autumnalis (face fly)

non-blood sucking-muscidae- Cyclorrhapha- medium sized flies- CHOM- arista, and angled veins

66
Q

what kind of diptera?

A

nematocera- smallest

67
Q

what kind of diptera?

A

brachycera- largest

68
Q

what kind of diptera

A

cyclorrhapha- medium

69
Q

“Long-horned flies

A

nematocera- smallest flies

70
Q

Plasmodium

A

malaria causing parasites passed by mosquitoes (culicidae)

71
Q

— flies have blade-like piercing mouthparts (pool feeders)

A

Family Simuliidae - Black flies (Simulium sp.)

Nematocera- smallest flies CCPS

72
Q

black flies spread

A

Filariae - eg. Onchocerca spp. of humans and domestic animals

Hemosporida -Leucocytozoon spp. in birds

Family Simuliidae - Black flies (Simulium sp.)

Nematocera- smallest flies CCPS

73
Q

Family Ceratopogonidae (“no-see-ums”, incl. Culicoides sp.) are vectors for
Arboviruses - —
Hemosporida - some evidence for —
Filariae - —. eg. O. cervicalis in

A

bluetounge virus of sheep
Leucocytozoon
Onchocerca spp

Nematocera- smallest flies CCPS

74
Q

Family Psychodidae - Phlebotomines, sand flies (Phlebotomus sp.) cause
bacteria —
Protozoa —

A

Bartonella bacilliformes, agent of Carrion’s disease in humans (S. America)

Leishmania

75
Q

brachycera have a — in their wing

A

discal cell

76
Q

Sexes of the flies can be easily done using the width of the frons in-between the eyes. The eyes are — in males and — in females.

A

holoptic

dichoptic

77
Q

Family Tabanidae - Horse flies and deer flies cause

A

mechanical carriers of Bacillus anthracis

Trypanosoma evansi, agent of “surra” in horses

78
Q

three genera of Tabanidae

—(Horse fly): Has clear wings

— (Deer fly): Has mottled wings

— (Deer fly or Mango fly): Has a dark band across the wings)

A

Tabanus

Hematopota

Chrysops

79
Q

— have Antennae has three segments with the largest bearing a projection called an arista

A

cyclorrhapha
muscoid flies

80
Q

glossina have — on their wing

A

hatchet cell

81
Q

— Transmit Trypanosoma brucei and T. rhodesiense,
causative agent of “nagana” in domestic animals and
African trypanosomiasis in humans. It is a biological vector of
trypanosomes.

A

glossina - Tse Tse fly

82
Q

— are Vicious biters with high frequency of interrupted feeding.

A

Stomoxys- stable flies

blood sucking muscoid flies- muscidae- cyclorrhapha- medium sized

83
Q

Haematobia irritans or stomoxys are bigger

A

stomoxys- stable flies

84
Q

basis of veterinary importance is annoyance and irritation causing
decreased grazing time (lower wt. gains and milk production)

A

Haematobia irritans- horn flies

85
Q

— act as intermediate hosts of the nematode parasite Habronema muscae

A

Musca domestica- house fly

non-blood sucking muscoid fly

86
Q

adult females mass around heads of cattle and other large animals and feed on lacrymal secretions

A

Musca autumnalis- face fly

non-blood sucking muscoid fly, cyclorrhapha- medium sized (CHOM)

87
Q

— are vectors of nematode eye worms, Thelazia sp and mechanical transmittors of Moraxella bovis “pink eye” in cattle.

A

Musca autumnalis - face fly

non blood sucking muscoid, cyclorrhapha- medium sized (CHOM)

88
Q

—- are lice flies/ sheep keds

A

Family Hippoboscidae

89
Q

— have Flattened, leathery, tick-like in appearance; often covered with
spines

A

Family Hippoboscidae- lice flies and sheep keds

cyclorrhapha- CHOM

90
Q

Family Hippoboscidae

A

lice flies and sheep keds

Flattened, leathery, tick-like in appearance; often covered with spines

Antennae recessed into pits

Pupiparous - eggs hatch and larvae develop to 3rd instar in body of female. Nourished by secretions from female.

cyclorrhapha- CHOM

91
Q

— cause Melophagus ovinus

A

Family Hippoboscidae- lice flies and sheep keds

cyclorrhapha- CHOM

92
Q

Families CALLIPHORIDAE, SARCOPHAGIDAE, OESTRIDAE: Causative agents of —

A

Myiasis- maggots

93
Q

infestation of organs and tissues of vertebrates by larva of dipterans

A

Myiasis

maggots

94
Q

— are facultative enteric myiasis

A

Calliphora sp- blow fly
Sarcophaga sp- flesh fly

95
Q

— cause facultative cutaneous myiasis

A

Phaenicia serricata

96
Q

a common agent of fly strike in sheep

A

Phormia regina

females lay eggs around anus of sheep- larva feed on wool and poop

97
Q

how to decrease infestation by Phormia regina

A

clip wool by butt on sheep
surgically tighten skin
drugs

cause fly strike in sheep

98
Q

— cause obligatory enteric myiasis

A

gasterophilus

99
Q
A

gasterophilus

cause obligatory enteric myiasis

infect tongue then move down to small intestine

100
Q

— cause traumatic myiasis

A

blue flies

Cochliomyia hominivorax (1º Screw worm)

hunts for host and wound to lay eggs in

101
Q

how to prevent Cochliomyia hominivorax

A

blue fly- will hunt for wound to lay eggs in- traumatic myiasis

Proper wound care

Wound prevention (eliminate wound inflicting hazards)

Protect newborns

102
Q

— cause obligatory cutaneous myiasis

A

Cordylobia anthropophaga ( Tumbu fly)

103
Q

— are adult female warble fly

A

Hypoderma bovis

104
Q
A

Cordylobia anthropophaga ( Tumbu fly)

obligatory cutaneous myiasis

105
Q

— are called heel flies or gad flies

A

Hypoderma bovis

106
Q

cuterebra cause

A

obligate cutaneous myiasis in small mammals

“bot flies”

107
Q

oestrus ovis cause

A

nasopharyngeal myiasis

108
Q

where do. you find larva for Oestrus ovis

A

in nasal passages of sheep

109
Q

false gid is caused by

A

nasopharyngeal myiasis that has traveled to the brain of Oestrus ovis larvae

110
Q

— are larva with ventral spines and a smooth dorsal surface

A

Oestrus ovis- cause false gid and nasopharyngeal myiasis

111
Q

how to manage myiasis

A

remove larva
treat wounds with with antibiotics and repellants

Many are susceptible to insecticide/anthelmintics eg. dichlorvos, trichlorfon. Also, ivermectin, esp. in fall, to kill early migrating larvae

Modified farm practices such as dehorning

Biocontrol by use of sterile male flies

112
Q

— Infestations may result when foodstuffs contaminated with eggs or larvae of muscoid flies are ingested or when flies oviposit on perianal skin and migrate into rectum.

A

enteric facultative or accidental myiasis

113
Q

— are used as surgical maggots.

A

Phaenicia serricata (Fam. Calliphoridae)

cause facultative cutaneous myiasis

Feed on necrotic tissues and secrete a bacteriacidal compound called allantoin

114
Q

— are superficially like honey bees in appearance (somewhat smaller).

A

gasterophilus - horse bots

cause obligatory enteric myiasis

115
Q

— are the primary
Screw Worm

A

Traumatic myiasis - Cochliomyia hominivorax

attracted to wounds- larva penetrate tissues in heads down position

116
Q

— Larvae have characteristic spiracular plates and spiny cuticular armature

A

Hypoderma bovis- warble fly

bee like appearance

heel fly or gad fly

117
Q

— larva are cattle grubs

A

Hypoderma lineatum- warble fly
bee like appearance

118
Q

Gait of infested sheep characterized by lifting
fore feet in pawing motion, incoordination, ataxia and other nervous signs (condition called “—-”), occurs when larvae gets to the frontal sinues.

A

False gid

caused by Nasopharyngeal myiasis of Oestrus ovis (sheep bots), also Rhinoestris purpureus (head maggots of horses).

Fall 22: Parasites (32 decks)

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