Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Fall 22: Parasites > 06 and 07. Ascaridida > Flashcards

06 and 07. Ascaridida Flashcards

1
Q

characteristics of ascaridia

A

non bursate
round worms
large worms- 10 cms
3 lips
eggs are round, thick, brown
live in small intestine
no buccal capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

ascarids live where in the host

A

small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ascarids eat

A

digested food in the small intestine

non-buccal/plug feeders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q
A

ascarids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Toxascaris leonina effect

A

dogs and cats

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

baylisascaris procyonis effect

A

racoons and dogs

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

4 type of ascarids

A

Ascarids-
Toxocara canis- dogs
Toxocara cati- cats
Toxascaris leonina- dogs and cats
Baylisascaris procyonis- racoons and dogs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

— can infect artic foxes since the eggs can survive freezing

A

Toxascaris leonina

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

— is widespread in the US and Canada. Highest in the Northeast, Midwest, and Western US. Can infect up to 80% of surveyed racoons

A

Baylisascaris procyonis

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Ronnie, a 5-year-old German Shepard from Medford NJ, was brought into his local veterinary clinic because he vomited up a “worm” just after his pre-dinner walk. Only the “worm” and some clear fluid came up. The “worm” (which the owner brought in along with the dog) is shown below. The fecal float, done in-house, was NPS (no parasites seen).

what is it?
how did he get it?
what to do?

A

toxocara canis

ate the egg or a paratenic host

nothing- probably only one worm- self healed by vomiting- make sure on monthly preventatives

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how does ascarids survive in host

A

coil into the small intestine wall
blunt ville, damage mucosa

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what ascarids effect dogs

A

Toxocara canis,
Toxascaris leonina
Baylisascaris procyonis

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the two pathways of migration of an ascarids

A

tracheal or somatic migration

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is tracheal migration of an ascarids

A

ingest egg
hatch and invade small intestine wall
to liver via portal circulation
to heart and lungs
coughed up and swallowed
mature to adults in small intestine
eggs pooped out

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

somatic migration of ascarids

A

ingest egg
hatch and invade small intestine wall
to liver via portal circulation
to heart and lungs
somatic migration to heart and systemic circulation
L2s form cysts in tissues
hybobiosis(arrested development)

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

tracheal or somatic migration of ascarids will cause cyst formation in tissues

A

somatic migration

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what type of ascarids can do tracheal migration and somatic

A

Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Baylisascaris procyonis

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what kind of migration can toxocara canis do that other ascarids can not

A

prenatal- through plecenta

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what ascarids can transmit through milk

A

toxocara canis
toxocara cati

transmammary transmission

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q
A

toxocara canis

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q
A

toxocara canis

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the lifecycle of toxocara canis

A

can spread through placenta, milk, or ingestion of egg or paratenic host

then can go through tracheal or somatic migration in the host

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

mature toxocara canis eggs can survive

A

takes 2 weeks to mature

lasts years in the environment

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

indirect lifecycle of toxocara canis

A

paratenic host eats egg with L2 larvae

L2 hatch- move to liver-lung-then somatic migration into tissue and form cysts

dogs eats infected host

L2→ adult in intestine of the dog

PPP: 3-4 weeks. Mild infection

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

transplacental migration of toxocara canis

A

mature dog >6 months eats L2 egg

hatch- liver- lungs- somatic migation - cyst in tissues

pregnancy trigger activation of larvea- transfer through placenta to fetal liver- lungs

undergo tracheal migration- molt into L3- coughed up and swallowed

molt L4-adult in small intestine in puppy

80% death
4-5 week PPP

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

if dog older then 6 months what transmission pathway for ascarids

A

somatic- cysts in tissues

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

transmammary transmission of toxocara canis

A

mature dog >6 months eats L2 egg

hatch- liver- lungs- somatic migation - cyst in tissues

pregnancy activate arrested larvae- travel to mammary glands

L3 ingested by pups (no need for tracheal migration already L3)

L3-L4 in stomach

L4-adult in small intestine

whelping starts at 6 weeks because L4 formation takes 7 weeks

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

direct lifecycle of toxocara canis in puppy

A

eat egg
liver- lungs
tracheal migration- coughed up and swallowed
L3-L4 in stomach
L4-adult in small intestine

ppp- 4-5 weeks

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what causes potbelly in puppy

A

toxocara canis infection
cause swelling and edema and blunts villi wall- failure to thrive

worms coil up in intestine

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q
A

toxocara canis
somatic migration in >6 month old dogs

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what does adult toxocaris canis look like

A

large round worm
cervical alea
no copulatory bursa
no buccal capsule
3 lips

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q
A

toxocara cati

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

33
Q

how can toxocara cati cause infection

A

paratenic host
eat egg
transmammary- through milk

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

34
Q

indiect life cycle of toxocara cati

A

paratenic host eat egg

L2 hatch and move to liver and lungs

somatic migration- cysts in tissue

cat eats infected host

L2-adult in intestine of cat

PPP= 3 weeks, mild infection

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

35
Q

direct life cycle of toxocara cati

A

cat eats egg with L2

hatch and invade stomach

can undergo tracheal migration o somatic migration (not age dependent like toxocara canis)

PPP 5-8 weeks

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

36
Q

when does toxocara cati stay in the GI tract of the host

A

during indirect life cycle
and
during transmammary transmission

kittens ingest L2 larvea

no need for migration outside GI

will form adults in GI tract

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

37
Q

what ascarids has no somatic migration in difinitive host

A

Toxascaris leonina

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

38
Q

lifecycle of toxascaris leonina

A

dog or cat eat egg with L2
hatch in small intestine
L2-adult in gut

or

paratentic host eats egg
somatic migration and cysts at L3
dogs eats infected host
L3-adult in gut

PPP-10 weeks

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

39
Q

why does toxascaris leonina have longer PPP

A

no somatic migration in the definitive host

all molts in the GI tract

takes 10 weeks, vs toxocara canis- 4 weeks

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

40
Q

clinical signs of toxocara canis

A

repsiratory signs
pot belly
abdominal distress
sweet smell?

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

41
Q
A

toxacara canis
dimpled- golf ball

cat and dog Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

42
Q
A

toxascaris leonina

smooth surface

cat and dog Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

43
Q
A

Baylisascaris procyonis

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

44
Q

what ascarids found in dogs have cervical alae?

A

Toxocara canis
Toxascaris leonina

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

45
Q

in a cat

A

toxocara cati
golf ball/ dimpled

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

46
Q

what ascarids in cats have cervical alae

A

toxocara cati
toxascaris leonina

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

47
Q

ascarids can cause — in zoonotic hosts

A

larva migrans

can move to eyes, cause blindness

can move to visera- cause fever, liver damage, asthma, pneumonia

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

48
Q

— are large, neurotrophic larvae in paratenic hosts (and humans)

A

Baylisascaris procyonis

can move to brain!

Ascarids- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina, Baylisascaris procyonis

49
Q

what do ascaridia galli eggs look like?

A

thick wall ovid, smooth

sorta look like strongyle-like eggs

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

50
Q

what ascarids effect birds

A

ascaridia galli- chickens
heterakis gallinarum- pheasants, turkeys, chickens

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

51
Q

lifecycle of ascaridia galli

A

eat egg
small intestine
poop out eggs 30-50 days
survive for 3 months in soil

chickens- thick walled, oval eggs

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

52
Q

heterakis galliarum effect

A

cecum of pheasants, turkeys, chicken

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

53
Q

lifecycle of Heterakis gallinarum

A

pheasant, turkey or chicken eat paratenic host or egg
mature in cecum
eggs in feces

vector for Histomonas meleagridis

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

54
Q

symptoms of Heterakis gallinarum

A

primary- mild
secondary- nodule formation, intestinal wall thickening, decreased egg production

effect cecum of pheasants, turkeu or chickens

carries Histomonas meleagridis

PPP 24-40 days, 2 years in soil

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

55
Q

— carries histomonas meleagridis

A

Heterakis gallinarum

pheasants, turkey, chicken in the cecum

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

56
Q

— can cause 100% death of young turkeys

A

histomonas meleagridis
Black head disease

lives inside the Heterakis gallinarum parasite

chicken reservoir host for transmission to turkeys

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

57
Q

Blackhead disease cause—

A

decreased appetite
darkening facial regions
diarrhea
death

caused by Histomonas meleagridis that lives inside the Heterakis gallinarum parasite

chickens can spread to turkeys- deadly to young turkey

live in soil for 2 years

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

58
Q

lifecycle of Ascaris suum

A

small intestine
portal vein- liver- lungs- coughed up and swallowed
small intestine
L3-adult

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

59
Q

paratenic hosts for ascaris suum

A

earthworm and dung beetle

main host- pig

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

60
Q

eggs of ascaris suum

A

thick shelled ovoid eggs
rough protein coat
contain L2
take 3-6 weeks for develop

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

61
Q
A

ascaris suum egg
ovid, rough protein coat, thick wall

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

62
Q

direct life cycle of ascaris suum

A

eats egg
hatch in small intestine
portal vein to liver to lung
L2-L3- cough up and swallowed
L3-adult in small intestine

pig- PPP 6-8 weeks

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

63
Q

PPP of ascaris suum

A

6-8 weeks direct and indirect pathway

both go through tracheal migration

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

64
Q

indirect life cycle of ascaris suum

A

still goes through migration (different from toxocara)

eats paratenic host with L2 larva
hatch in small intestine
portal vein to liver to lung
L2-L3- cough up and swallowed
L3-adult in small intestine

ppp- 6-8 weeks

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

65
Q

symptoms of ascaris suum

A

liver- milk spots
pneumonia
diarrhea, weight loss
rare intestinal and bile duct blockage

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

66
Q

— cause milk spots on the liver

A

Ascaris suum

pig

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

67
Q

how to spread Ascaris suum

A

flies can spread eggs

bumpy protein border of eggs makes them sticky

can be spread by ruminants and humans

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

68
Q

how to control Ascaris suum

A

clean up poop that has eggs

breed resistant pigs

drugs

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

69
Q

PPP of Parascaris equorum

A

10-12 weeks
infect horses and donkeys

ascaris suum- pigs- 6-8 weeks

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

70
Q

life cycle of Parascaris equorum

A

direct

eat L2 egg
hatch in the small intestine
liver- lung- coughed up and swallowed
L3-adult in small intestine
poop out egg

PPP- 10-12 weeks, survive in soil for 5-10 years

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

71
Q
A

parascaris equorum

thick sticky protein coat, can lose its protein coat

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

72
Q

symptoms of Parascaris equorum

A

white spots on liver
penumonia, nasal discharge, cough
rare- impaction and death

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

73
Q

Parascaris equorum is resistent to —

A

ivermectin and other drugs

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

74
Q

toxocara vitulorum effect

A

young beef calves

spread by milk

rare in North America

more ascarids: ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum, histomonas meleagridis, parascaris equorum, ascaris suum, toxocara vitulorum

75
Q

pinworms are from what family

A

oxyurida

female have long tapering tail

large intestine

76
Q

life cycle of oxyuris equi

A

pin worm

eat egg with L3
L4 feed on mucosa of the colon
adult feed on intestinal contants
adult in cecum and colon
eggs on perianal skin
can devleope into infectious L2 in 3-5 days (warmth of skin makes it go faster)

PPP: 4-5 months

77
Q

what do oxyuris equi look like?

A

pin worms

male 1 cm
females 6-15 cms

L4 feed on colon mucosa, adults feed on GI contents,PPP 4-5 months. eggs grow on perianal skin (infectious in 3-4 days!)

78
Q

pathogenesis of oxyuris equi

A

pinworm

L4 can cause erosin and ulcers in the colon by feeding on the mucosa

perinanal irritation from eggs

pruritus- itchiness

tail rubbing, hair loss

L4 feed on colon mucosa, adults feed on GI contents,PPP 4-5 months. eggs grow on perianal skin (infectious in 3-4 days!)

79
Q
A

pinworm egg
oxyuris equi

slightly flattened on one side and plug at one end

infectious in 3-5 days

Fall 22: Parasites (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions