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Fall 22: Parasites > 14. athropods > Flashcards

14. athropods Flashcards

1
Q

study of arthropodes

A

entomology

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2
Q

what groups of arthropods are of vet importance

A

insecta- fleas and flies

arachnida- spiders, ticks, scorpions

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3
Q

insecta vs archnida

A

insect- 6 jointed legs
head, thorax- 3 segments, abdomen- multisegmented

arachnida- 8 legs
cephalothroax- (3-4 pairs of jointed legs (nymphs have 6)
abdomen- segments are fused

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4
Q

general characteristics of arthropods

A

bilateral symmetry
elongated segmented body
paired and jointed legs
hard chitinous exoskelton

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5
Q

arthropods have a — exoskelton

A

hard chitinous

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6
Q

hexapoda are

A

insecta

flies, fleas, lice and bugs

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7
Q

flies are called

A

diptera

(hexapoda/insecta)

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8
Q

fleas are called

A

siphonaptera

(hexapoda/insecta)

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9
Q

lice are called

A

Phthiraptera

(hexapoda/insecta)

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10
Q

Bugs are called

A

Hemiptera
(bedbugs)

(hexapoda/insecta)

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11
Q

3 types of arachinida

A

scorpions
spiders
ticks + mites

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12
Q

scorpions are called

A

scorpionida

arachinida

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13
Q

spiders are called

A

araneida

arachinida

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14
Q

ticks and mites are

A

Acarina

arachinida

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15
Q

chilpoda secrete

A

venom (centiped)

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16
Q

diplopoda secrete

A

toxin- miliped

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17
Q

insects have how many body parts

A

3
head

thorax- 3 segments- 3 pairs jointed legs

abdomen- multisegmented

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18
Q

the thorax of an insect has –

A

3 segments and 3 pairs of jointed legs

+/- wings

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19
Q

the abdomen of an insect has

A

multisegmented
genitalia
excretory organs

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20
Q

how many body parts does an arachnid have?

A

2
cephalothorax- 3-4 pairs leg

abdomen- fused segments, sac like, anal and genital structures

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21
Q

the cephalothorax has

A

fused head and thorax
mouthparts
eyes
3-4 pairs of jointed legs

arachnids

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22
Q

the abdomen of an arachnid has

A

segments are fused
sac like
anal and genital structures

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23
Q
A
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24
Q
A
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25
Q

what body system is most dorsal in arthropods?

A

blood

26
Q

which body system is most ventral in arthropods?

A

nervous

27
Q

how do arthropods breathe?

A

through holes(spiracles/stigmata) in their body

28
Q

arachnids breathe through

A

stigmata
holes in their body- similar to spiracles of arthropods

29
Q

incomplete life cycle is also called

A

heterometabolous

nymphs look like adult

30
Q

complete life cycle of arthropods is also called

A

holometabolous

larva look different from adult

31
Q

heterometabolous lifecycle

A

nymphs look like adult- go through molts

same habitat and feeding habits as adult

life cycles occur on host

32
Q

Holometabolous life cycle

A

egg- larva- pupa- adult

larvae live in different habitat from adult

have different feeding habits from adults

adults suck fluid, larvae use mandibles to ingest particulates

complete life cycle of arthropods

33
Q

in a holometabolous life cycle, — suck fluid and — use mandibles to ingest particulates

A

complete life cycle

adult

larvae

34
Q

acarine life cycle

A

hemimetabolous (incomplete)

larvae have 6 legs

nymphs- 8 legs and sexually immature

adult

35
Q

hemimetabolous life cycle

A

acarine life cycle- incomplete

egg- 6 legged larvae- 8 leg nymph- adult

36
Q

— are examples of physical and chemical barriers to pest

A

fly traps
nets
repellants

37
Q

— are examples of environmental manipulation to control pest

A

bush clearing
pasture spelling

38
Q

— are biological measures for pest managment

A

predators- birds
microbial agents- viruses
parasitoids- larva that eat insects

39
Q

— are larva that eat insects

A

parasitoids

40
Q

the study of arthropods that impact the health of various animal species

A

veterinary entomology

41
Q

ectoparasites that do not need the host to complete their life cycle

A

facultative

42
Q

ectoparasites that are completely dependent on their host

A

obligatory

43
Q

phenotypic adaptibility to different environment

A

genetic plasticity

44
Q

the nerve cord of bugs is ventral or dorsal?

A

ventral

45
Q

chilopoda

A

are the centipedes. Some species envenomize by means of hollow fangs

46
Q

diplopoda

A

are the millipedes
irritating toxins

47
Q

direct role in disease causation by bugs

A

annoyance and blood loss
dermatosis
myiasis
allergy
envenomization

48
Q

indirect role in disease causation of bugs

A

passive mechanical carriers

intermediate hosts (biological or mechanical vectors)

49
Q

integument comprises multilayered — which is secreted by an underlying single-cell layer of —-.

A

cuticle
epidermis

50
Q

Cuticle contains —, proteins, lipids and pigments and may be sclerotized (hardened)

A

chitin

51
Q

respiratory tract of bugs are a profuse network of —- and —

A

trachea
tracheoles

52
Q

tracheae terminates as small openings
on the cuticle called — (in insects) or — (in mites and ticks)

A

spiracles
stigmata

53
Q

gas exchange occurs via the spiracles and stigmata OR by —across the cuticle

A

diffusion

54
Q

continuous with hindgut lumen; remove nitrogenous wastes from hemolymph (blood) and void into hindgut

A

Malpighian tubules

55
Q

females bugs have — ovaries which are linked (by an oviduct) to an —

A

paired
ovipositor.

56
Q

female insect tract has — which stored sperm
may remain viable for long periods.

A

spermatheca

57
Q

insect sperm is enclosed in a packet of secretion called —-

A

spermatophore

58
Q

mites and ticks go through what type of life cycle

A

incomplete
hemimetabolous

egg- 6 legs larva- 8 leg nymph- adult

59
Q

two type of life cycles for insects

A

heterometabolous- incomplete/simple-
egg- nymph- adult

holometabolous- complete
egg- larva- pupa- adults

60
Q

IPM

A

integrated pest management

61
Q

ecosystem-based approach for long-term prevention of pests by maintenance of their population at a level below the threshold for pathogen transmission.

A

IPM
integrated pest managment

62
Q

4 types of integrated pest management

A

physical and chemical barriers

environmental manipulation
chemical pesticides
biological measures

Fall 22: Parasites (32 decks)

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