01. intro Flashcards
—- arenot caused by pathogens and therefore cannot be spread from one person to another.
Non-infectious diseases
non-infectious diseases are caused by factors such as
genetics, malnutrition, environment and lifestyle.
—–aredisorders caused by organisms — such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites.
Infectious diseases
— are tapeworms
cestodes
— are hookworms or round worm
nematodes
helminths include
trematodes, cestodes (tape worm), nematodes (hook/round worm)
Animals that live in close association with each other are called — living together in the process of —-
symbionts
symbiosis.
2 species living together and neither “loses” or “win
commensalism
bird and livestock- eat insects that are kicked up by cattle
the birds benefit but the ungulate is neither harmed nor helped.
2 species living together for the benefit of both
mutualism
rumen bacteria
These bacteria obtain nutrients from the ruminant’s diet, and the animal gets energy from the products of bacterial metabolism. Therefore,these bacterial species are in a symbiotic relationship with the cow.
rumen bacteria is what type of symbiosis
mutualism
These bacteria obtain nutrients from the ruminant’s diet, and the animal gets energy from the products of bacterial metabolism. Therefore,these bacterial species are in a symbiotic relationship with the cow.
1 organism serves to carry the other one from place to place
phoresis
bot fly
bot fly uses — type of symbiosis
phoresis
2 species living together, where one is living at the expense of the other
parasitism
tapeworm, heartworm ect.
direct life cycle
life cycle in which a parasite is transmitted directly from one host to the next without anintermediate hostor vector of another species.
only one host
indirect lifecycle
need 2 or more hosts
type of a life cycle wherein a parasite is transmitted from one host to another by using a vector or by an intermediate host of another species. A parasite with an indirect life cycle would therefore require more than one type of host species to complete their life cycle.
