16’ Engine Exhaust After Treatment System Flashcards
Beginning in ______, U.S. Domestic diesel engines were required to comply with more stringent EPA emissions standards to control emissions.
2007
ATD - ____________________
After Treatment Device
DOC - ____________________
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst, found inside the ATD
DPF - ____________________
Diesel Particulate Filter, found inside ATD
SCR - ____________________
Selective Catalyst Reduction, found after the
DEF - ____________________
Diesel Exhaust Fluid
Lamps & ECU w/fully-integrated __________________ (OBD)
On-Board Diagnostics
ATD - a ________ canister, which replaced the typical muffler.
Exhaust
The ____ will trap particulate matter, ______ & ______.
DPF
Soot & Ash
Soot accumulated in the ____ requires periodic self-cleaning through _________
DPF
Regeneration
SCR - a catalytic converter that uses vaporized diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) to reduce ______ ______ (NOx) emissions
Nitrogen Oxide
Known as DEF, _____, or ___-____
Urea
Ad-Blue
_____% urea & deinized water, which breaks down into ammonia NH3 in a decomposition reactor through the process hydrolysis.
32.5%
The NOx and ammonia (NH3) pass into the SCR element where a catalytic reaction takesplace, converting the NOx into harmless ________ ______ (N2) and water vapor (H2O).
Nitrogen Gas
_____ ____ and later emissions requirements include engines receiving an upgraded engine ECU with fully-integrated ______________________________ (OBD).
2013 EPA
On-Board Diagnostics
2013 EPA & Later Engines - the drive engine indicator panel also includes a ________ ________ _______ (MIL)
Malfunction Indicator Lamp
The amber ______ _____, or ______ ______, light indicates a non-critical system fault with the engine has occurred. The operator can drive the vehicle to the _____ of their shift and call service to remedy the problem.
Check Engine or Engine Warning
End
The ____ ______ ______ light indicates a serious engine fault that may result in engine damage has occurred and the vehicle should be shut down as soon as it is safe to do so. The engine should remain shut down until serviced by an authorized Cummins dealer.
RED Stop Engine
The Malfunction Indicator (MIL) light, illuminates when a fault has occurred on an __________ related component. The engine and aftertreatment system should be diagnosed and serviced at the next __________ opportunity.
Emission
Available
If the ____ and _______ _______ Lamp illuminate together, the vehicle should be stopped as soon as it is safe to do so. The vehicle should be serviced by an authorized Cummins dealer.
MIL
Stop Engine
The Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) light will illuminate when a __________ is necessary. There are progressive stages of need for regeneration indicated by this light:
Regeneration
- Symbol ___ ______ (low to medium levels of particulate build up). The vehicle requires regeneration but should be able to complete its mission before a regen is performed.
On Solid
Initiate a DPF regeneration by switching to a more challenging duty cycle (such as highway driving for at least ___ minutes or pumping)
20
- ________ (medium to high levels of particulate build up). The vehicle requires a regeneration as soon as possible.
Flashing
- ________ DPF with ________ ________ _______ light (high level of particulate build up). A DPF regeneration is required immediately. The operator must perform a ________ regeneration
Flashing
Amber Check Engine
Parked
- If a parked regeneration is not performed the ______ ______ ______ lamp will illuminate. The vehicle should be ________ and remain shut down until serviced by an authorized Cummins dealer.
Red Stop Engine
Stopped
The ______ _______ ______ ______(HEST) light indicates an active regeneration has been initiated and exhaust system temperatures are elevated above normal levels.
High Exhaust System Temperature
The HEST light will remain on until exhaust temperatures have dropped below ____°F (525°C).
977°
If the HEST light is ON and the vehicle speed has dropped below the threshold of ___ miles per hour, the light will remain ON until the vehicle speed increases ~___ mph back above the speed threshold and the regeneration process finishes.
5
3
_________ ________ can occur during normal engine operation, when exhaust temperatures naturally get high enough to oxidize the soot in the DPF.
Passive Regeneration
________ ________ is controlled by the engine ECU. Injecting a small amount of ______ fuel into the exhaust stream. This raises the exhaust temperature to provide the heat needed to burn off the accumulated soot and regenerate the DPF.
Active Regeneration
Diesel
The need for ______ ________ occurs more frequently within low speed, low load, or stop and go conditions.
Active Regeneration
When the DPF light turns on, the operator can: Provide assistance to the engine by either changing the duty cycle to allow the engine ECU to initiate the regeneration (________ ________ _________), or:
Automatic Active Regeneration
When the DPF light turns on, the operator can: Manually initiate a parked regeneration using the regeneration switch, which is located in the cab within reach of the driver (______ / ______ Regeneration).
Parked / Stationary
ECU will auto Regen when:
1. ___ light illuminates
2. Sufficient ________ flow & ________ conditions
3. ___ MPH or higher vehicle speed
DPF
Exhaust & Temperature
5
Parked Regeneration - Trucks RPM ____
900
Do not perform parked regeneration while connected to an ________ extraction system.
Exhaust
Performing A Parked Regen - Clear exhaust outlet area ___ ft of any items, gasses, vapors that can melt, burn or explode.
5
Performing A Parked Regen - If indoors, exhaust discharge pipe must be rated at least ____°F (816°C).
1500°
Performing A Parked Regen - _____ with the vehicle. Monitor the area during the operation. if any unsafe conditions occur, shut off engine immediately!
STAY
Performing A Parked Regen - Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) lamp must be ___ in order to start a stationary regeneration.
ON
Performing A Parked Regen - Regeneration may take ___-___ minutes or more, depending on soot level.
20-40
Performing A Parked Regen - Exhaust temps stay high at least __-__ minutes after completion.
3-5
- To stop a regeneration before completion, depress ________ pedal, ________ parking brake, press the
regeneration ________ switch, or turn ______ the engine.
Throttle
Release
Inhibit
OFF
After completion of regeneration, the HEST light will remain illuminated until the exhaust outlet temperature is below ____°F (525°C) or the vehicle speed exceeds ___ mph.
977°
5
Maintenance - ____ will illuminate and a fault code will be set when ash removal is necessary.
CEL
16’ Regen:
The maintenance interval is ________-________ miles, or up to _______ hours, which is dependent on duty cycle,type of oil used, and oil consumption rate.
200,000-400,000
6,750
Maintenance - Using CES20081/API CJ-4 oil will ________ the DPF maintenance interval.
Maximize
DEF level between full and ___% full: DEF Fluid Low light will remain OFF.
38
DEF level between ___% full and ___% full: DEF Fluid Low light will illuminate _____.
38 & 12
Solid
DEF level below ___% full: DEF Fluid Low light will ______.
12
Flash
DEF level below ___% full (__/__ gallon remaining):
— DEF Fluid Low light flashing and amber Check Engine lit ______.
5
1/4
Solid
DEF tank empty and system can no longer maintain DEF pressure: DEF Fluid ____ light flashing, ______ Check Engine lit solid, and ____ light lit solid.
Low
Amber
MIL
DEF Tank Empty and ignored:
-engine intentionally shut down or in extended idle:
DEF Fluid Low light flashing, amber Check Engine lit solid, red ______ Engine lit solid, and MIL light lit solid.
Stop
