Wrist and Hand; Ankle and Foot Flashcards
what are the tarsal bones of the foot?
- talus
- calcaneus
- navicular
- (medial) cuneiforms
- (intermediate) cuneiforms
- (lateral) cuneiforms
- cuboid
Tiger Cubs Need MILC
minus the tarsals, what are the other bones of the foot?
- metatarsals 1-5
- proximal phalanges 1-5
- middle phalanges 2-5
- distal phalanges 1-5
what are the movements of distal radio-ulnar joint?
(assists proximal RU joint)
- supination
- pronation
what is the function of the inferior tibio-fibular joint (syndesmosis)?
no movements but essential for stability of ankle, keeping lateral malleolus close to talus
what are the components of the distal radio-ulnar joint?
- fibrous capsule
- anterior and posterior RU ligaments (weak
- sacciform recess within join to accommodate turning
what does the inf/ TF ligament form?
posterior wall for talus (trochlea) - “malleolar mortise”
what are the components of the inferior tibio-fibular joint?
- interosseous membrane and TF ligament
- anterior and posterior TF ligament
- inferior TF ligament
- all strong ligaments
what are movements of the wrist (radiocarpal) joint?
- flexion, extension
- adbuction, adduction
- (some) circumduction
what are movements of the ankle joint (talocrural articulation)?
- dorsiflexion
- plantar flexion (more unstable due to narrow trochlea)
what type of joint is the wrist?
condyloid
what type of joint is the ankle?
hinge
the distal end of radius and articular discs of RU join articulates with which bones?
proximal carpal bones (except pisiform):
- scaphoid
- lunate
- triquetrum
what does the talus articulate with?
- distal end of tibia
- med. and lat. malleolus
- fibula
what ligament prevents dislocation during eversion of foot?
medial deltoid ligament
what are the ligaments of the wrist?
- collateral (radial and ulnar)
- radiocarpal (palmar and dorsal)
what are the main FLEXORS of wrist joint?
-flexor carpi ulnaris and radialis
what are the attachements of flexor carpi ulnaris?
- medial epicondyle of humers
DISTAL
- carpal bones (pisiform, hamate) and 5th metacarpal
what nerve is flexor carpi ulnaris supplied by?
ulnar
what are the attachments of flexor carpi radialis?
- medial epicondyle of humerus
DISTAL
- base of 2nd metacarpal
what nerve is flexor carpi radialis supplied by?
median
what are the ankle joint muscles for plantar flexion?
- gastrocnemius
- soleus
- plantaris
- flexor digitorum longus
- flexor hallucis longus
- tibialis posterior
what are the attachments of gastrocnemius?
lat. and med. condyles of femur
DISTAL
post. surface of calcaneus (tendon)
what are the attachments of soleus?
- post. sup. surface of fibula
- med. border of tibia
DISTAL
post. surface of calcaneus (tendon)
what are the attachments of plantaris?
- lat. distal femur
- oblique popliteal ligament
DISTAL
post. surface of calcaneus (tendon)
what nerve supplies the plantar flexors?
tibial nerve
what are the attachments of flexor digitorum longus?
- post. surface of medial tibia
- distal phalanges of digits 2-5
what are the attachments of flexor hallucis longus?
- inf. 2/3 of fibula
- distal phalanx of digit 1
what are the attachments of tibialis posterior?
post. surface of fibula and tibia and interosseous membrane
what are the muscle EXTENSORS of the wrist joint?
- extensor carpi ulnaris
- extensor carpi radialis longus
- extensor carpi radialis brevis
what nerve supplies the extensors of the wrist?
radial
what are the attachments of extensor carpi ulnaris?
- lat. epicondyle of humerus
- dorsal base of 5th metacarpal
what are the attachments of extensor carpi radialis longus?
- lat. epicondyle of humerus
- dorsal base of 5th metacarpal
what are the attachments of extensor carpi radialis brevis?
- lat. epicondyle of humerus
- dorsal base of 3rd metacarpal
what are the dorsiflexor muscles of the ankle joint?
- tibialis anterior
- extensor digitorum longus
- extensor hallucis longus
- fibularis tertius
what nerve are the dorsiflexors of the ankle supplied by?
deep fibular nerve
what are adductors of wrist?
- extensor carpi ulnaris
- flexor carpi ulnaris
what are abductors of wrist?
- extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
- flexor carpi radialis
- abductor pollicis longus
what are the extrinsic flexor muscles of the hand?
- flexor digitorum superficialis
- flexor digitorum profundus
- flexor pollicis longus
what are the extrinsic extensor muscles of the hand?
- extensor pollicis brevis
- extensor indicis
- extensor digitorum
- extensor digiti minimi
- extensor pollicis longus
what are the extrinsic muscles of the thumb?
- extensor pollicis brevis and longus
- flexor pollicis longus
- abductor pollicis longus
what are the intrinsic muscles of the thumb?
- flexor pollicis brevis
- adductor pollicis
- abductor pollicis brevis
- opponens pollicis
what are the muscles of the 5th digit?
- opponens digiti minimi
- abductor digiti minimi
- flexor digiti minimi brevis
what nerve are the muscles of the 5th digit supplied by?
ulnar
what are the extrinsic muscles of the big toe?
- extensor hallucis longus
- flexor hallucis longus
what are the intrinsic muscles of the big toe?
- flexor hallucis brevis
- adductor hallucis
- abductor hallucis
- extensor hallucis brevis
what are the muscles of the 5th digit?
- abductor digiti minimi
- flexor digiti minimi brevis
what are the intrinsic muscles of the foot?
- flexor digitorum brevis
- extensor digitorum brevis
what is club foot?
congenital condition:
- talus bone deformity
- shortened and tightened tendons
what does club foot present as?
- foot inversion
- ankle plantar flexed
- adduction of foot
