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Emergency Medical Technician > Workforce Safety and Wellness > Flashcards

Workforce Safety and Wellness Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Royal College: Emergency Medicine flashcards USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

A stressor that produces a positive response

A

Eustress

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2
Q

Stress that produces negative responses

A

Distress

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3
Q

___ can help you manage the effects of distress

A

Understanding how stress affects you physically, mentally, and emotionally

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4
Q

The active pursuit of a state of good health

A

Wellness

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5
Q

The capacity of an individual to cope with and recover from distress

A

Resilience

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6
Q

Tactics that have been shown to alleviate or eliminate stress reactions

A

Stress management

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7
Q

CDC

A

Centers for Disease Control & Prevention

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8
Q

Medical condition caused by the growth and spread of harmful organisms within the body

A

Infectious disease

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9
Q

A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another

A

Communicable disease

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10
Q

Immunizations, simple hand-washing, and other protective techniques can dramatically reduce the health care provider’s risk of ___

A

Infection

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11
Q

A microorganism that is capable of causing disease in a susceptible host

A

Pathogen

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12
Q

The presence of pathogens or foreign bodies on or in objects such as dressings, water, food, needles, wounds, or a patient’s body

A

Contamination

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13
Q

A situation in which a person has had contact with blood, body fluids, tissues, or airborne particles in a manner that may allow disease transmission to occur

A

Exposure

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14
Q

Protective equipment that an individual wears to prevent exposure to a pathogen or other hazardous condition

A

PPE

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15
Q

The way an infectious disease is spread

A

Transmission

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16
Q

Ways infectious diseases can be transmitted

A
  1. Contact (direct or indirect)
  2. Aerosolized
  3. Foodborne
  4. Vector-borne
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17
Q

The movement of an organism from one person to another through physical touch

A

Contact transmission

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18
Q

Occurs when an organism is moved from one person to another through touching without an intermediary

A

Direct contact

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19
Q

Microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans

A

Bloodborne pathogens

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20
Q

Sexual transmission is an example of ___

A

Direct contact

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21
Q

HIV

A

Human immunodeficiency virus

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22
Q

Involves the spread of infection from the patient with an infection to another person through an inanimate object

A

Indirect contact

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23
Q

The object that transmits the infection is called a ___

A

Fomite

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24
Q

Small plantlike organisms such as yeast. Cause conditions such as athlete’s foot and jock itch

A

Fungi

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25
Q

Single-cell animal-like microorganisms. Cause malaria

A

Protozoa

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26
Q

Worms such as roundworms, pinworms, and hookworms

A

Helminths

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27
Q

Needlesticks are an example of how infection spreads through ___

A

Indirect contact

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28
Q

Spreading an infection agent through mechanisms such as droplets or dust

A

Airborne transmission

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29
Q

The common cold is caused by a type of virus called ___

A

Coronavirus

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30
Q

Sneezing can transmit disease through ___

A

Direct contact and airborne routes

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31
Q

Involves the contamination of food or water with an organism that can cause disease

A

Foodborne transmission

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32
Q

Involves the spread of infection by animals or insects that carry an organism from one person or place to another

A

Vector-borne transmission

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33
Q

Rabies and Lyme disease is a ___ disease

A

Vector-borne

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34
Q

OSHA

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

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35
Q

Develops and publishes guidelines concerning reducing hazards in the workplace, as well as enforces the guidelines

A

OSHA

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36
Q

___ requires all EMTs to be trained in handling blood-borne pathogens and in approaching a patient who may have an infectious or communicable disease

A

OSHA

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37
Q

The ___ developed a set of standard precautions for health care workers to use in treating patients

A

CDC

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38
Q

Protective measures designed to prevent health care workers from coming into contact with objects, blood, body fluids, and other potential risks that could lead to exposure to germs

A

Standard precautions

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39
Q

The CDC recommendation from 2016 is to assume that every person is ___

A

Potentially infected or can spread an organism that could be transmitted in the healthcare setting

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40
Q

Procedures to reduce infections in patients and health care personnel

A

Infection control

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41
Q

OSHA refers to infection control as ___

A

Universal precautions

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42
Q

The most common components of PPE

A
  1. Mask
  2. Eyewear or full face shield
  3. Gloves
  4. Gown
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43
Q

The ___ is the last PPE to be removed

A

Mask

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44
Q

The ___ is the last PPE to donned

A

Gloves

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45
Q

The simplest yet most effective way to control disease transmission

A

Proper handwashing

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46
Q

If you are exposed to blood-borne pathogens you must notify your ___

A

Designated officer

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47
Q

Minimum standard for all patient care if there is any possibility of exposure to blood or body fluids

A

Gloves and eye protection

48
Q

Change gloves if they have been exposed to any ___

A

Petroleum products

49
Q

Wear ___ gloves if there is substantial bleeding

A

Double

50
Q

Be sure to ___ gloves as you move from patient to patient

A

Change

51
Q

If the patient needs oxygen, place a ___ instead of a surgical mask on the patient and set the oxygen flow rate at ___

A
  1. Nonrebreathing mask
    10 to 15 L/min
52
Q

Do not place a ___ respirator on the patient

A

Particulate

53
Q

___ respirators must be fit tested to ensure their efficacy

A

Particulate

54
Q

Neither mouth-to-mouth nor mouth-to-mask resuscitation are recommended in a situation where there is an ___

A

Active community spread of a virus that can be transmitted by air-borne route

55
Q

___ is an aerosol-generating procedure that should be avoided in epidemic scenarios

A

Bag-mask ventilation

56
Q

NFPA ___ addresses reducing the risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens and airborne diseases

A

Infection Control Standard 1581

57
Q

Components of an Infection Control Plan

A
  1. Determination of exposure risk
  2. Education and training
  3. PPE
  4. Cleaning and disinfection practices
  5. Tuberculin Skin Testing/Fit testing
  6. Hepatitis B vaccine program
  7. Post-exposure management
  8. Compliance monitoring
  9. Communication of hazards to employees and training
  10. Records keeping
58
Q

Treatments that increase the risk for transmission of infections that are spread through the air or by droplets

A

Aerosol-generating procedures

59
Q

AGPs

A

Aerosol-generating procedures

60
Q

Whenever possible, cleaning the ambulance should be done at ___

A

The hospital

61
Q

Medical waste should be placed in a ___

A

Red biohazard bag

62
Q

To disinfect, use a bleach water solution at a ___ dilution

A

1:10

63
Q

Do not use ___ products to clean the unit

A

Alcohol or aerosol spray products

64
Q

When spraying disinfectant, do not ___

A

Go back and dry the surfaces, allow them to air dry

65
Q

Resistant to particular germs

A

Immune

66
Q

The organism or the individual who is attacked by the infecting agent

A

Host

67
Q

Protects against new infections. But pathogens that remain in the body from the first illness still may be able to cause the same disease again when the body is stressed or has some impairment in its immune system

A

Partial immunity

68
Q

Each employer whose employees may reasonably be expected to come in contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials must create an ___

A

Infection control plan

69
Q

CDC recommended vaccines for healthcare workers

A
  1. Hepatitis B
  2. Influenza
  3. MMR
  4. Varicella
  5. Tdap
70
Q

Procedure for being exposed to a patient’s fluids or blood

A
  1. Turn over patient care to another EMS provider
  2. Clean the exposed area with soap and water
  3. If eyes are exposed, rinse for at least 20 minutes ASAP
  4. Activate departments infection control plan
  5. Follow-up screening
  6. Complete an exposure report
71
Q

Safety zone for downed utility pole

A

One span of the utility poles distance

72
Q

Lightning is a threat in two ways: ___

A
  1. Direct hit
  2. Ground current
73
Q

How to position for lighting in open area

A

Low crouch with only feet on the ground

74
Q

7 common hazards in a fire

A
  1. Smoke
  2. O2 deficiency
  3. High temperatures
  4. Toxic gases
  5. Building collapse
  6. Equipment
  7. Explosions
75
Q

Smoke is made up of particles of ___

A

Tar and carbon

76
Q

Most smoke particles are trapped in the ___, but many smaller particles enter the ___

A
  1. Upper respiratory system
  2. Lungs
77
Q

Breathing air that is heated above ___ can damage the respiratory system

A

120°F (49°C)

78
Q

Carbon monoxide combines with the hemoglobin in your blood about ___ times more readily than does oxygen

A

200

79
Q

Effect of CO

A

Blocks the ability of the hemoglobin to transport O2 to your body tissues

80
Q

Effect of cyanide

A

Prevents cells from using oxygen

81
Q

Exposure to CO2 will cause ___

A

Increased respirations, dizziness, & sweating

82
Q

Breathing concentrations of CO2 greater than ___ will result in death within a few minutes

A

10-12%

83
Q

Park at least ___ from all crash sites

A

100’

84
Q

Involves the tactical use of an impenetrable barrier for protection

A

Cover

85
Q

Involves hiding behind objects to limit a person’s ability to see you

A

Concealment

86
Q

If you believe an event is a crime scene, you must attempt to ___

A

Maintain the chain of evidence

87
Q

Cold weather protection layers

A
  1. Moisture-wicking
  2. Thermal
  3. Wind/moisture barrier
88
Q

Wearing ___ will permit free use of your hands and offer added protection from both injury and body fluids

A

Puncture-proof leather gloves and latex gloves underneath

89
Q

Use sunscreen with a minimum SPF of ___

A

15

90
Q

Confusion, anxiety, and other feelings of helplessness in the patient will be decreased if you ___

A

Keep them informed from the start

91
Q

Avoid ___ comments

A

Sad and grim

92
Q

It is important to ___ the patient to their surroundings

A

Orient

93
Q

Stages of grief

A
  1. Denial
  2. Anger/hostility
  3. Bargaining
  4. Depression
  5. Acceptance
94
Q

The bodies response to stress begins with ___ followed by ___

A
  1. An alarm response
  2. A stage of reaction and resistance
95
Q

Stress is followed by ___, or if the stress is prolonged ___

A
  1. Recovery
  2. Exhaustion
96
Q

The 3-stage response to stress

A

General adaption syndrome

97
Q

Stress responses

A
  1. Physiologic
  2. Physical
  3. Psychological
98
Q

Stressors

A
  1. Emotional
  2. Physical
  3. Environmental situation/conditons
99
Q

The physiological responses involve the interaction of the ___, resulting in ___

A
  1. Endocrine and nervous systems
  2. Chemical and physical responses
100
Q

The physiological response to stress is known as ___

A

Fight or flight

101
Q

Reactions to stress can be categorized as ___

A
  1. Acute
  2. Delayed
  3. Cumulative
102
Q

Occur during a stressful situation. You feel nervous and excited, your ability to focus increases

A

Acute stress reactions

103
Q

___ Manifest after the stressful event. After things have calmed down, you may be left with nervous, excited energy that continues to build and becomes a distraction

A

Delayed stress reaction

104
Q

Prolonged or excessive stress

A

Cumulative stress reactions

105
Q

May develop after a person has experienced a psychologically distressing event. Characterized by re-experiencing the event and over-responding to stimuli that recall the event

A

Posttraumatic stress disorder

106
Q

CISM

A

Critical incident stress management

107
Q

First part of CISM

A

Defusing sessions

108
Q

Designed to educate the participants as the the expectations over the next few days and give guidance on proper techniques to manage the feelings they may be experiencing

A

Defusing sessions

109
Q

Debriefing sessions are held within ___

A

24 to 72 hours of a major incident

110
Q

One of the important rules associated with the debriefing session is not to turn it into an ___

A

Operational critique

111
Q

Describes a combination of exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced performance resulting from long-term job stresses in health care and other high-stress professions

A

Burnout

112
Q

A disorder characterized by gradual lessening of compassion over time

A

Compassion fatigue

113
Q

Compassion fatigue is also know as ___

A

The cost of caring, or secondary stress disorder

114
Q

The difference between secondary stress disorder and PTSD

A

PTSD is caused by direct exposure to traumatic incidents where compassion fatigue is a reaction to caring for people who have experienced trauma

115
Q

Code Green Campaign

A

A mental health and advocacy organization for first responders

116
Q

Calm reassurance on your part will inspire ___

A

Confidence and cooperation

117
Q

___ takes priority over compassion

A

Professional judgment

Emergency Medical Technician (100 decks)

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