Chapter 2

Question 1

A negative response to a stressor

Answer 1

Distress

Question 2

The capacity of an individual to cope with and recover from distress

Answer 2

Resilience

Question 3

The contamination of food or water with an organism that can cause disease

Answer 3

Foodborne transmission

Question 4

A stress disorder characterized by gradual lessening of compassion over time

Answer 4

Compassion fatigue

Question 5

A combination of exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced performance resulting from long-term job stresses in health care and other high-stress professions

Answer 5

Burnout

Question 6

The individual in the department who is charged with the responsibility of managing exposures and infection control issues

Answer 6

Designated officer

Question 7

Procedures to reduce transmission of infection among patients and health care personnel

Answer 7

Infection control

Question 8

Protective equipment that blocks exposure to a pathogen or a hazardous material

Answer 8

PPE

Question 9

A process that confronts the responses to critical incidents and defuses them, directing the emergency services personnel toward physical and emotional equilibrium

Answer 9

CISM

Question 10

Pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Answer 10

Bloodborne pathogens

Question 11

The active pursuit of a state of good health

Answer 11

Wellness

Question 12

Reactions to stress that occur after a stressful situation

Answer 12

Delayed stress reactions

Question 13

The spread of an organism via droplets or dust

Answer 13

Airborne transmission

Question 14

Prolonged or excessive stress

Answer 14

Cumulative stress reactions

Question 15

The abnormal invasion of a host or host tissues by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites, with or without signs or symptoms of disease

Answer 15

Infection

Question 16

A beneficial response to a stressor

Answer 16

Eustress

Question 17

The presence of infectious organisms on or in objects such as dressings, water, food, needles, wounds, or a patient’s body

Answer 17

Contamination

Question 18

Reactions to stress that occur during a stressful situation

Answer 18

Acute stress reactions

Question 19

The body’s response to stress that begins with an alarm response, followed by a stage of reaction and resistance, and then recovery or, if the stress is prolonged, exhaustion

Answer 19

General adaption syndrome

Question 20

A microorganism that is capable of causing disease in a susceptible host

Answer 20

Pathogen

Question 21

A medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body

Answer 21

Infectious disease

Question 22

Exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one person to another by physical contact

Answer 22

Direct contact

Question 23

Protective measures that have traditionally been developed by the CDC for use in dealing with objects, blood, body fluids, and other potential exposure risks of communicable disease

Answer 23

Standard precautions

Question 24

The use of an animal to spread an organism from one person or place to another

Answer 24

Vector-borne transmission

Question 25

The federal regulatory compliance agency that develops, publishes, and enforces guidelines concerning safety in the workplace

Answer 25

OSHA

Question 26

The body’s ability to protect itself from acquiring a disease

Answer 26

Immune

Question 27

The way in which an infectious disease is spread: contact, airborne, by vehicles, or by vectors

Answer 27

Transmission

Question 28

A delayed stress reaction to a prior incident. Often the result of one or more unresolved issues concerning the incident, and may relate to an incident that involved physical harm or the threat of physical harm

Answer 28

PTSD

Question 29

Inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a viral infection, that causes, fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, and altered liver function

Answer 29

Hepatitis

Question 30

The use of objects to limit a person’s ability to see you

Answer 30

Concealment

Question 31

Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to another by contact with a contaminated object

Answer 31

Indirect contact

Question 32

The tactical use of an impenetrable barrier for protection

Answer 32

Cover

Question 33

The organism or individual that is attacked by the infecting agent

Answer 33

Host

Question 34

Any airway manipulation that induces the production of aerosols that may present a risk for airborne transmission of pathogens, such as CPR

Answer 34

Aerosol-generating procedure

Question 35

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by HIV, which damages the cells in the body’s immune system so that the body is unable to fight the infection or certain cancers

Answer 35

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Question 36

The primary federal agency that conducts and supports public health activities in the United States. The CDC is part of the US Department of Health and Human Services

Answer 36

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Question 37

A situation in which a person has had contact with blood, body fluids, tissues, or airborne particles in a manner that suggest disease transmission may occue

Answer 37

Exposure

Question 38

A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another

Answer 38

Communicable disease