Chapter 2 Flashcards
A negative response to a stressor
Distress
The capacity of an individual to cope with and recover from distress
Resilience
The contamination of food or water with an organism that can cause disease
Foodborne transmission
A stress disorder characterized by gradual lessening of compassion over time
Compassion fatigue
A combination of exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced performance resulting from long-term job stresses in health care and other high-stress professions
Burnout
The individual in the department who is charged with the responsibility of managing exposures and infection control issues
Designated officer
Procedures to reduce transmission of infection among patients and health care personnel
Infection control
Protective equipment that blocks exposure to a pathogen or a hazardous material
PPE
A process that confronts the responses to critical incidents and defuses them, directing the emergency services personnel toward physical and emotional equilibrium
CISM
Pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Bloodborne pathogens
The active pursuit of a state of good health
Wellness
Reactions to stress that occur after a stressful situation
Delayed stress reactions
The spread of an organism via droplets or dust
Airborne transmission
Prolonged or excessive stress
Cumulative stress reactions
The abnormal invasion of a host or host tissues by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites, with or without signs or symptoms of disease
Infection
A beneficial response to a stressor
Eustress
The presence of infectious organisms on or in objects such as dressings, water, food, needles, wounds, or a patient’s body
Contamination
Reactions to stress that occur during a stressful situation
Acute stress reactions
The body’s response to stress that begins with an alarm response, followed by a stage of reaction and resistance, and then recovery or, if the stress is prolonged, exhaustion
General adaption syndrome
A microorganism that is capable of causing disease in a susceptible host
Pathogen
A medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body
Infectious disease
Exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one person to another by physical contact
Direct contact
Protective measures that have traditionally been developed by the CDC for use in dealing with objects, blood, body fluids, and other potential exposure risks of communicable disease
Standard precautions
The use of an animal to spread an organism from one person or place to another
Vector-borne transmission
The federal regulatory compliance agency that develops, publishes, and enforces guidelines concerning safety in the workplace
OSHA
The body’s ability to protect itself from acquiring a disease
Immune
The way in which an infectious disease is spread: contact, airborne, by vehicles, or by vectors
Transmission
A delayed stress reaction to a prior incident. Often the result of one or more unresolved issues concerning the incident, and may relate to an incident that involved physical harm or the threat of physical harm
PTSD
Inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a viral infection, that causes, fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, and altered liver function
Hepatitis
The use of objects to limit a person’s ability to see you
Concealment
Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to another by contact with a contaminated object
Indirect contact
The tactical use of an impenetrable barrier for protection
Cover
The organism or individual that is attacked by the infecting agent
Host
Any airway manipulation that induces the production of aerosols that may present a risk for airborne transmission of pathogens, such as CPR
Aerosol-generating procedure
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by HIV, which damages the cells in the body’s immune system so that the body is unable to fight the infection or certain cancers
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
The primary federal agency that conducts and supports public health activities in the United States. The CDC is part of the US Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
A situation in which a person has had contact with blood, body fluids, tissues, or airborne particles in a manner that suggest disease transmission may occue
Exposure
A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another
Communicable disease
