week of 4/27 Flashcards
Absolute contra indications to combined hormonal contraception
- Migrane w aura
- 15+ cigarettes per day and being over 35
- HTN >160/100
- ❤️ dz
- DM w end organ damage
- thrombous
- antiphosphoipid syndrome
- hx stroke
- breast cancer
- cirrhosis/liver cancer
- major surgery w prolonged imobilization
- use <3 weeks postpartum
high calcium and high pth is most likely
primary hyperparathyroid
sick patient with normal TSH and T4 low t3
euthyroid sick syndrome
Serum Na Central DI
⬆️
Serum Na Nephrogenic DI
Normal
weight gain and increase in lipids next test
TSH
where is patella in quad tendon tear
low ridding
where is patella in patellar tendon tear
high riding
infertility testicular mass that does not transilluminate, smaller when supine
varicocele- hernia doesn’t affect fertility
what causes Ogilvie syndrome
surgery
electrolyte abnormalities
meds
tx for Ogilvie syndrome
NPO, nasogastric decrompresison
neostigmine if no improvement within 48 hours
breast lump over 30 next step
mammogram
breast lump less than 30
ultrasound plus minus mammogram
what are the mast cell stabilizers used for chronic allergic conjunctivitis
Olopatadine and azelastine
what types of acne gets erythromycin after benzoyl peroxide and tretinoin fail.
inflammatory or nodular/cystic
what type of acne can benefit from isotrenititoin
nodular/cystic
porphyria cutanea Garda associated conditions
Hep C HIV Alcoholism Estrogen use smoking
enterococci endocarditis association
nosocomial uti
what class of med is diclofenac
NSAID
abx for pseudamonus otitis externa
ciprofloxicen
pupil in open globe injury
teardrop of eccentric
relative afferent pupillary defect
causes of sialadenois - enlargement of salivary glands
chronic oh use.
Vit a deficiency also but they will have other sx
initial imaging for toxic megacolon if mostly stable
x-ray
phenytoin/ other anti-epileptic birth defects
fetal hydantoin syndrome : cleft lip and palate, wide anterior fontanelle, distal phalange hypoplasia, cardiac anomalies. sometimes microcephaly and neural tube defects
what muscle is involved in congenital torticollis
sternocleidomastoid
clinical feature Reye syndrome
Acute liver failure
encephalopathy
labs in reye syndrome
⬆️ transaminases
⬆️ pt/inr /ptt
⬆️ NH3
small painless papule, rough skin, motted perifolicular erythema, worse in cold dry weather, posterior upper arm
Keratosis pilaris
what causes damage in membranoproliferazive glomerulonephritis
persistant activation of alternative complement pathway
labs osteomalacia
⬆️ PTH
⬇️ Ca and Phos
Hx pancreatic insufficiency, weight loss and abdominal pain, jaundice next test
US to look at head of pancreas
HX pancreatic insufficiency, weight loss, and abdominal pain, NO jaundice next test
CT
how does 23 valent PNA vac cause immunity
T-cell independent B- cell response, less effective very young and old (polysaccharides)
how does 13 valent PNA vac cause immunity
T-cell dependent B cell response (conjugate)
WAGR
Wilms Tumor
Aniridia - no iris
Genito urinary abnormalities
Retardation
most common cause of blindness worldwide
chlamydia trachomas
What tx for baby if mom has chickenpox
passive immunization with monoclonal antibodies
tx for visualized foreign body in vagina(child)
Irrigate with warmed fluid after local anesthetic application- no speculum in peds
Coxascakie B/ adenovirus myocarditis sx
viral prodrome heart failure respiratory distress murmur hepatomegaly
sepsis sickle cell organisms
strep pneumo, H. flu- don’t get confused with osteo
common cancer after breast cancer tx
angiosarcoma
what can tx for uveitis cause as se
glaucoma - steroids can raise intraocular pressure
what cells in medullary thyroid cancer
parafolicular cells
what do you measure to see if medullary thyroid cancer reoccurs
calcitonin
chronic bacterial prostatitis sx
like UTI but recurrent and pain with ejaculation
Heriditary spherocytosis inheritance
AD, Northern European
Heriditary spherocytosis MCHC
⬆️
Heriditary sperocytocis Coombs
negative
hereditary spherocytosis osmotic fragility test
⬆️
hereditary spherocytosis tx
folic acid
blood transfusion
splenectomy
most common PNA in young children with CF
Stahp aureus- watch out for pseudomonus though
why do babies get jaundice
At birth RBC’s only last 90 days = increased turnover.
bili clearance is down because UGT does not reach max speed until 2 weeks
enterohepatic recycling is increased
