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step 2 > week of 4/27 > Flashcards

week of 4/27 Flashcards

1
Q

Absolute contra indications to combined hormonal contraception

A
  • Migrane w aura
  • 15+ cigarettes per day and being over 35
  • HTN >160/100
  • ❤️ dz
  • DM w end organ damage
  • thrombous
  • antiphosphoipid syndrome
  • hx stroke
  • breast cancer
  • cirrhosis/liver cancer
  • major surgery w prolonged imobilization
  • use <3 weeks postpartum
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2
Q

high calcium and high pth is most likely

A

primary hyperparathyroid

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3
Q

sick patient with normal TSH and T4 low t3

A

euthyroid sick syndrome

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4
Q

Serum Na Central DI

A

⬆️

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5
Q

Serum Na Nephrogenic DI

A

Normal

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6
Q

weight gain and increase in lipids next test

A

TSH

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7
Q

where is patella in quad tendon tear

A

low ridding

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8
Q

where is patella in patellar tendon tear

A

high riding

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9
Q

infertility testicular mass that does not transilluminate, smaller when supine

A

varicocele- hernia doesn’t affect fertility

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10
Q

what causes Ogilvie syndrome

A

surgery
electrolyte abnormalities
meds

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11
Q

tx for Ogilvie syndrome

A

NPO, nasogastric decrompresison

neostigmine if no improvement within 48 hours

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12
Q

breast lump over 30 next step

A

mammogram

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13
Q

breast lump less than 30

A

ultrasound plus minus mammogram

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14
Q

what are the mast cell stabilizers used for chronic allergic conjunctivitis

A

Olopatadine and azelastine

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15
Q

what types of acne gets erythromycin after benzoyl peroxide and tretinoin fail.

A

inflammatory or nodular/cystic

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16
Q

what type of acne can benefit from isotrenititoin

A

nodular/cystic

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17
Q

porphyria cutanea Garda associated conditions

A 
Hep C
HIV
Alcoholism
Estrogen use
smoking
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18
Q

enterococci endocarditis association

A

nosocomial uti

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19
Q

what class of med is diclofenac

A

NSAID

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20
Q

abx for pseudamonus otitis externa

A

ciprofloxicen

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21
Q

pupil in open globe injury

A

teardrop of eccentric

relative afferent pupillary defect

22
Q

causes of sialadenois - enlargement of salivary glands

A

chronic oh use.

Vit a deficiency also but they will have other sx

23
Q

initial imaging for toxic megacolon if mostly stable

A

x-ray

24
Q

phenytoin/ other anti-epileptic birth defects

A

fetal hydantoin syndrome : cleft lip and palate, wide anterior fontanelle, distal phalange hypoplasia, cardiac anomalies. sometimes microcephaly and neural tube defects

25
Q

what muscle is involved in congenital torticollis

A

sternocleidomastoid

26
Q

clinical feature Reye syndrome

A

Acute liver failure

encephalopathy

27
Q

labs in reye syndrome

A

⬆️ transaminases
⬆️ pt/inr /ptt
⬆️ NH3

28
Q

small painless papule, rough skin, motted perifolicular erythema, worse in cold dry weather, posterior upper arm

A

Keratosis pilaris

29
Q

what causes damage in membranoproliferazive glomerulonephritis

A

persistant activation of alternative complement pathway

30
Q

labs osteomalacia

A

⬆️ PTH

⬇️ Ca and Phos

31
Q

Hx pancreatic insufficiency, weight loss and abdominal pain, jaundice next test

A

US to look at head of pancreas

32
Q

HX pancreatic insufficiency, weight loss, and abdominal pain, NO jaundice next test

A

CT

33
Q

how does 23 valent PNA vac cause immunity

A

T-cell independent B- cell response, less effective very young and old (polysaccharides)

34
Q

how does 13 valent PNA vac cause immunity

A

T-cell dependent B cell response (conjugate)

35
Q

WAGR

A

Wilms Tumor
Aniridia - no iris
Genito urinary abnormalities
Retardation

36
Q

most common cause of blindness worldwide

A

chlamydia trachomas

37
Q

What tx for baby if mom has chickenpox

A

passive immunization with monoclonal antibodies

38
Q

tx for visualized foreign body in vagina(child)

A

Irrigate with warmed fluid after local anesthetic application- no speculum in peds

39
Q

Coxascakie B/ adenovirus myocarditis sx

A 
viral prodrome
heart failure
respiratory distress
murmur
hepatomegaly
40
Q

sepsis sickle cell organisms

A

strep pneumo, H. flu- don’t get confused with osteo

41
Q

common cancer after breast cancer tx

A

angiosarcoma

42
Q

what can tx for uveitis cause as se

A

glaucoma - steroids can raise intraocular pressure

43
Q

what cells in medullary thyroid cancer

A

parafolicular cells

44
Q

what do you measure to see if medullary thyroid cancer reoccurs

A

calcitonin

45
Q

chronic bacterial prostatitis sx

A

like UTI but recurrent and pain with ejaculation

46
Q

Heriditary spherocytosis inheritance

A

AD, Northern European

47
Q

Heriditary spherocytosis MCHC

A

⬆️

48
Q

Heriditary sperocytocis Coombs

A

negative

49
Q

hereditary spherocytosis osmotic fragility test

A

⬆️

50
Q

hereditary spherocytosis tx

A

folic acid
blood transfusion
splenectomy

51
Q

most common PNA in young children with CF

A

Stahp aureus- watch out for pseudomonus though

52
Q

why do babies get jaundice

A

At birth RBC’s only last 90 days = increased turnover.
bili clearance is down because UGT does not reach max speed until 2 weeks
enterohepatic recycling is increased

step 2 (53 decks)

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