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4/18 Flashcards

1
Q

digoxin MOA

A

decrease extracellular Na

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2
Q

Fick’s principle

A

CO = rate of O2 used/(arterial o2-venous o2)

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3
Q

most common cause of secondary HTN

A

Renal DZ

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4
Q

what med is contraindicated in bilateral renal artery stenosis

A

ACEi-ischemia

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5
Q

what do alpha blockers end in

A

azosin

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6
Q

DM best HTN med

A

ACEi-delays kindness damage

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7
Q

DM contraindicated HTN meds

A

Thiazides, Beta blockers-impaired glucose tolerance

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8
Q

CHF best HTN meds

A

ACEi/ARB
Aldosterone agonist
B blocker

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9
Q

CHF contraindicated HTN meds

A

Ca2+ blockers-reduced rate and contractility

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10
Q

Post MI best HTN meds

A

ACEi/ARB
Aldosterone agonist
B blocker

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11
Q

BPH HTN med

A

alpha 1 blocker

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12
Q

migranes HTN med

A

verapamil, beta blocker

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13
Q

osteoporosis HTN med

A

thiazides-maintains Ca

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14
Q

pregnancy HTN meds allowed

A

Hydralazine
methyldop
LABATELOL
Nifedipine

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15
Q

who gets a statin

A

High ASCVD 40-75 7.5%
diabetes 40-75
ldl>190

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16
Q

MONABASH

A 
Morphine
O2
Nitro
Aspirin
BB
ACEi
Statin
Heparin
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17
Q

V2-4 changes

A

Anterior LAD

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18
Q

V1-3 changes

A

septal (LAD)

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19
Q

2,3, avf

A

inferior (Posterior descending)

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20
Q

1, avl, V4-V6

A

Lateral (LAD or circumflex)

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21
Q

when do ventricular wall ruptures happen post MI

A

4-8 days

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22
Q

when are arrhythmia post MI

A

2-4 days

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23
Q

when is papillary necrosis post mi

A

5-10days

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24
Q

pericarditis post MI days

A

2-4

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25
Q

Dresslers post MI timeframe

A

2-8 weeks

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26
Q

Afib tx options

A 
Anticoagulation
BB
Cardioversion
Ca2+ blockers
Digoxin
27
Q

Class 1a MOA, Examples, Use

A

NA+ channel blocker prolonged action potential, Quinidine, Procanamide
PSVT, Afib, Aflutter, Vtach

28
Q

Class 1B MOA, Examples, Use

A

NA+ channel blocker shortens action potential, Lidocaine, tocainide
Vtach

29
Q

Class 1C MOA, Examples, Use

A

NA+ channel blocker no effect on action potential, flecainide propafenone
PSVT,Afib, Aflutter,

30
Q

Class 2 MOA, Examples, Use

A

BB, -lol, PVC,PSVT,Afib, Aflutter,Vtach

31
Q

Class 3 MOA, Examples, Use

A

K+ blockers, Amioderone, stall, bretylium,

Afib, Aflutter, Vtach (not bretylium)

32
Q

Class 4 MOA, Examples, Use

A

Ca2+ blockers, verapamil, diltiazam,

PSVT, MAT,Afib, Aflutter

33
Q

Adenosine MOA, Use

A

K+ activation ➡️ decreased cAMP

PSVT

34
Q

COPD ❤️ thing

A

cor pulmonale

35
Q

most common HF sign

36
Q

JONES criteria

A 
Joints
❤️ 
Nodules
Erythema 
Sydenham Chorea
37
Q

besides st elevation what else is seen on pericarditis egg

A

PR depression

38
Q

beck’s triad for for tamponade

A

hypotension, distended neck, distant heart sounds

39
Q

Major Duke’s criteria

A

Serial blood cultures +
vegetation or access on echo
new onset regurg
blood cultures + coxiella burnetii

40
Q

Acute endocarditis organism

A

staph aureus
step pneumonia
strep pyogenes
neisseria

41
Q

Subacute endocarditis organisms

A

viridian’s strep
Enterococus
fungi
staph epididymus

42
Q

endocarditis abs length

43
Q

PVD only meds

A

pentoxyfylline and cilostazol

44
Q

what dz associated with poly arthritis nodoasa

A

hep b and c

45
Q

what system is spared in poly arthritis nodes

46
Q

poly arthritis nodes marker

47
Q

Positive Sudan stain normal d xylose test

A

Assess for pancreatic insufficiency

48
Q

Abnormal d xylose

A

Get small bowl biopsy
Sprue
Whipple
Bacterial overgrowth

49
Q

Malabsorption low stool ph

A

Lactase deficiency

50
Q

Malnutrition normal stool ph

A

Pernicious arena
Ileal dz
Bacterial overgrowth

51
Q

Tropical sprue tx

A

Tetracyclines

52
Q

Whipple sx

A

Arthralgia
Dementia
Other neuro
abdominal pain

53
Q

Whipple tx

A

Bactrim or cefteiaxone for 1 year

54
Q

What marker sometime + in UC

55
Q

Peutz jeghers syndrome

A

Polyps and hamaratoma. Mucocutaneous pigmentation of mouth hand and genitalia

56
Q

Grey turner sign

Cullen sign in pancreatitis

A

Ecchymosis of flank

Periumbilical ecchymosis

57
Q

Exocrine pancreases tumor markets

A

CEA CA19-9

58
Q

Liver lab PBC

A

⬆️ Alk phos

⬆️ cholesterols

⬆️bili

Normal AST ALT

+ANA

59
Q

PSC associated dz

60
Q

Hemochromatosis tx

A

Phlebotomy

Deferoxamine

61
Q

Ceruloplasmin levels wilsons dz

62
Q

Wilson’s tx

A

Trientine penicillamine
Zinc
B6

63
Q

Budd–Chiari syndrome

A

occlusion of the hepatic veins that drain the liver. It presents with the classical triad of abdominal pain, ascites, and liver enlargement.

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