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8/5 Flashcards

1
Q

crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur over left second intercostal space and widened splitting S2

A

pulmonic stenosis-often asymptomatic until adulthood

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2
Q

risk factors for sigmoid volvulus

A

redundancy

dysmotility

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3
Q

skin thing with IBD

A

erythema nodosum (painful nodules usually on the shins)

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4
Q

what causes zenkers diverticulum

A

diminished relaxation of the criocopharyngeus causes increased intraluminal pressure.

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5
Q

why treat asymptomatic bacteria in pregnancy

A

it increases risk of pyelonephritis

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6
Q

why get a biophysical profile

A

to assess for utter-placental insufficiency

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7
Q

clinical presentation of abrupt placentae

A

sudden onset vaginal bleeding
abdominal and back pain
high frequency low intensity contractions
rigid, tender uterus

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8
Q

chest imaging for paraesophageal hilt hernia shows

A

retrocardiac air fluid level

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9
Q

post op illness tx

A

bowel rest and serial examinations

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10
Q

tx for sigmoid colon volvulus

A

therapeutic flexible sigmoidoscopy

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11
Q

how does arm look with anterior shoulder dislocation

A

abduction external rotation

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12
Q

how does arm look with posterior shoulder dislocation

A

adduction/ internal rotation

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13
Q

what causes SBO in crohns patients

A

fibrotic stricture

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14
Q

what type of acid base disturbance happens when pancreases or small intestine is losing fluid

A

Non ion gap metabolic acidosis- the fluid has a blot of bicarb and your losing all those bicarbs

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15
Q

what happens to length of mitral valve prolapse murmur with squatting

A

shortens

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16
Q

what does valsalva do

A

⬇️ venous return

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17
Q

what murmurs get louder with valsalva

A

HCM

MVP

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18
Q

What other maneuver besides valsalva makes

MVP and HCM louder

A

standing

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19
Q

3 changes squatting does to change cardiac murmurs

A

⬆️ venous return
⬆️ afterload
⬆️regurg fraction

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20
Q

3 changes handgrip does to change cardiac murmurs

A

⬆️ venous return
⬆️ blood pressure
⬆️regurg fraction
similar to squat besides middle one

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21
Q

murmurs that get louder with squatting and handgrip

A

AR
MR
VSD

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22
Q

what BP meds cause peripheral edema

A

dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers

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23
Q

most common cardiac thing SLE flare up

A

pericarditis

24
Q

what EKG is relatively specific for digitalis tox

A

Atrial tachycardia with AV block

this is due to increased ectopy and increased vagal tone

25
Q

what nerve can be damaged on anterior dislocation of the shoulder and how would this manifest

A

axillary, weak shoulder abduction, also can cause sensory loss of lateral shoulder

26
Q

imaging for possible pancreatic cancer w jaundice

A

abdominal US

27
Q

imaging for possible pancreatic cancer w/o jaundice

A

CT

28
Q

who can’t get LMWH

A

ESRD

29
Q

what are people with porcelain gallbladder at increased risk for

A

gallbladder adenenocarcinoma, consider removing before this

30
Q

vasa previa PPROM 33 weeks next step

A

emergency c section

31
Q

what is pseudocyesis

A

non prego women thinks she is prego and has sx, patient is not psychotic

32
Q

severe menopause tx if no contraindications to birth control and has uterus

A

Estrogen and progesterone

33
Q

severe menopause tx if no contraindications to birth control and has NO uterus

A

estrogen only

34
Q

contra indications to estrogen

A 
Breast cancer
CAD
Endometrial cancer
liver disease
thromboembolism
35
Q

severe menopause but can’t have estrogen, what’s the tx

A

SSRI

36
Q

RF osteoporosis

A

advanced age, postmenopausal, low body weight. excessive OH intake, sedentary lifestyle and smoking,

37
Q

biggest risk factor for fragility fracture in person with osteoperosis

A

previous fragility fracture

38
Q

how does chronic pancreatitis affect fecal elastase

A

⬇️

39
Q

TX for PBC

A

ursodeoxycholic acid

40
Q

how to dx PSC

A

MRCP

41
Q

mononuclear infiltrates of the lamina propria and thickened college band dx

A

microscopic colitis

42
Q

what does cerebellar gait look like

A

staggering wide based

43
Q

what isassociated cerebellar gait

A

cerebellar degeneration
stroke
drug/alcohol into
vit B12 deficiency

44
Q

what does gait apraxia look like

A

magnetic/freezing. start and turn hesitation

45
Q

what causes gait apraxia

A

frontal lobe degeneration

normal pressure hydrocephalus

46
Q

parson gait looks like

A

short steps, shuffling

47
Q

what does step gate look like

A

FOOTDROP obvi, excessive hip and knee flexion while walking, slapping quality

48
Q

what causes foot drop

A

motor neuropathy probs the common peroneal nerve up at the old L5

49
Q

what does a vestibular gait look like

A

unsteady falling to one side, caused by the ear problems

50
Q

what med for sure with Bell’s palsy

A

prednisone, acyclovir and valacyclovir are just maybes 🤷‍♂️

51
Q

REM sleep disorder is correlated with increase risk of

A

parkinsons

52
Q

bright lights cause eyes to shut dx

A

focal dystonia

or blepharospasm

53
Q

moat common kidney stone type

A

calcium oxalate

54
Q

besides wet, wobbly, and wacky what else does normal pressure hydrocephalus often have

A

UMN signs

55
Q

meds for urge incontinence

A

antimuscurinic like oxybutinin

56
Q

what is a Failure mode effects analysis

A

systematic team based approach that identifies steps in a process and finds solutions to problems that may arise

step 2 (53 decks)

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