Week 9 - Dementia Flashcards

1
Q

what are 2 classes of meds used for treatment of dementia

A
  • cholinestrase inhibitors

- N Methyl D Aspartate receptor blockers (NMDA)

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2
Q

what part of our brain is responsible for memory

A
  • hippocampus
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3
Q

what part of our brain is responsible for speech, perception, reasoning, and other high fnxns

A
  • cerebral cortex
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4
Q

what happens as our neurons degenerate during dementia

A
  • we lose the important nt Ach
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5
Q

what is the function of Ach

A
  • imp for memory
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6
Q

what do alzheimer meds work to do?

A
  • preserve Ach
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7
Q

what is the MOA of cholinesterase inhibitors

A
  • prevents the breakdown of ach by acetylcholinesterase

= increased availability of ach

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8
Q

do dementia meds cure AD?

A
  • no

- only delay the progression of the illness

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9
Q

what are cholinesterase meds used for?

A
  • mild to mod symptoms of dementia
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10
Q

list adverse effects of cholinesterase meds (5)

A

cholinergic effects

  • NVD
  • dizziness
  • HA
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11
Q

who are 2 types of pts you should be cautious about with cholinesterase meds? why?

A
  • pts with asthma or COPD

- bc it can cause bronchoconstriction

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12
Q

what are 2 types of cholinesterase meds for dementia

A
  • donepezil (aricept)

- rivastigmine (exelon)

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13
Q

what is the MOA of NMDA receptor antagonists

A
  • maintains a balance between calcium influx & glutamate by limiting calcium influx

NMDA receptors regulate Ca entry into the neurons

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14
Q

what is the fnxn of glutamate

A
  • imp for learning & memory
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15
Q

what are NMDA receptor antagonists indicated for

A
  • mod to severe AD

- can slow the decline in fnxn for pts & improve symptoms

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16
Q

list side effects of NMDA receptor antagonists (4)

A
  • HA
  • confusion
  • dizziness
  • constipation
  • overall well tolerated
17
Q

what is one type of NMDA receptor antagonists

A
  • memantine (Namenda)