Week 11 - The Adrenal Glands Flashcards
1
Q
where are the adrenal glands located
A
- sit on top of the kidneys
2
Q
what do the adrenal glands consist of
A
2 endocrine glands in one:
- an outer adrenal cortex
- an inner adrenal medulla
3
Q
what does the adrenal cortex secrete
A
- steroid hormones synthesized from cholestrol
= corticosteroids
4
Q
what does the adrenal medulla secrete
A
- epi and norepi (catecholamines)
5
Q
list 3 steroid hormones released from the adrenal cortex
A
- aldo
- androgens
- cortisol
6
Q
what steroid hormones are mineralcorticoids? which are glucocorticoids
A
- mineral = aldo and androgens
- gluco = cortisol
7
Q
how is aldosterone regulated
A
- via the RAAS system
8
Q
what is the fnxn of aldo
A
- acts on the kidney and colon to reabsorb water & Na, and release K+ and H+
9
Q
where is aldo secereted from
A
- zona glomerulosa
10
Q
where is cortisol secreted from
A
- zona fasciiculata
- reticularis
11
Q
what is cortisol involved in
A
- catabolic & involved in body’s response to stress
12
Q
what is the fnxn of cortisol (7)
A
- protein catabolism
- lipid catobolism
- increased hepatic glucose output
- suppressed lymphocytes & immune response
- inhibits inflammation
- sensitizes organs to catecholamines
13
Q
what does lack of cortisol cause for most mammals
A
- die of circulatory collapse when exposed to stress
14
Q
what does excess cortisol cause
A
- can activate aldo receptors and mimic its physiological effects
15
Q
what is the fnxn of androgens (4)
A
- similar effects to testosterone, but less effect on reproductive function
- stimulate pubic & axillary hair growth
- sex drive in females
- produced in small but significnat amts
