Week 6 - IBD Medications Flashcards
what is a 5-aminosalicyclate
- group of meds used to treat inflammation in the gut
- anti-inflammatory agents for IBD
what is an example of 5-aminosalicyclate
sulfasalazine
what is the indication of sulfasalazine
- mild to moderate IBD
what is the anticipated effcet of sulfasalazine
- reduce inflammation in the GI tract
list possible side effects of sulfasalazine (5)
- nausea
- fever
- rash
- arthralgia
- hematologic disorders
what is arthralgia
- discomfort, pain, or inflammation arising from any part of a joint
describe nursing assessment for sulfasalazine
- improvement of GI symptoms
- periodic CBC
what is the MOA of sulfasalazine (2)
- suppresses prostaglandin synthesis
- suppresses the migration of inflammatory cells
what are corticosteroids
- steroid hormones
- includes mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids
what are glucocorticoids
- drugs that produce physiologic effects at low doses
- and pharmacologic effects at high doses which can be used to treat inflammatory disorders
what are 2 types of glucocorticoids that can be used for IBD
- cortisone
- dexamethasone
describe the indication for glucocorticoids r/t IBD
- moderate to severe IBD
what is the anticipated effects of glucocorticoids r/t IBD
- reduce inflammation in the GI tract
list side effects of dexamethasone (5)
- adrenal suppression
- increased risk of infection (immunosuppresion)
- osteoporosis
- sodium & water retention
- potassium loss
describe nursing assessment for dexamethasone
- improve of GI symptoms
- signs of infection
what type of med is used after glucocorticoids for moderate to severe IBD
- infliximab
what type of med is infliximab
- immuno-modulator (monoclonal antibody)
what is the MOA of infliximab
- TNF antibody against TNF
what is TNF
- tumour necrosis factor
- a key immunoinflammatory modulator
- plays a role in IBD
list 2 side effects of infliximab
- increased risk of infection
- infusion rxn
what is an infusion rxn (5)
- fever
- chills
- pruritis
- urticaria
- cardiopulmonary rxn (chest pain, hypotension, HTN, dyspnea)
what med is used for severe IBD
- cyclosporine
what type of med is cyclosporine
- immunosuppressants
describe assessment for infliximab
- improvement of GI symptoms
- monitor for infection
what is the anticipated effect of cyclosporine
- reduce inflammation of the GI tract
what are side effects associated with cyclosporine (3)
- renal impairment
- neurotoxicity
- generalized suppresion of the immune system
what is the MOA of cyclosporin
- acts on helper T cells to suppress immune system
describe nursing assessment of cyclosporin
- improvement of GI symptoms
- monitor for infection
what antidiarrheal drug can be used for IBD
- loperamide
what is the indication for loperamide (2)
- pain related to rectal spasm
- diarrhea
what is a side effect associated with loperamide
- constipation
what is the anticipated effects of loperamide
- decrease GI motility
- relive rectal spams
describe nursing assessment of loperamide
- symptoms relief: less BMs and rectal spasm
what antimicrobial drug can be used for IBD
- metronidiazole (flagyl)
what is the anticipated effect of metronidiazole
- eradication of H pylori for pts with peptic ulcer disease
what type of vitamin can be used in IBD
- ferrous sulfate
what is the indication for ferrous sulfate
- iron deficiency anemia
list adverse effects of ferrous sulfate (2)
- GI disturbances (N, CD, pyrosis, bloating)
- staining of teeth
