Week 3- headaches

Question 1

What are the categories of a headache?

Answer 1

Primary- no other causative disorder

Secondary- caused by another disorder such as trauma or infection

Cranial neuralgias- central and primary facial pain due to cranial nerve problesm

Question 2

What are the different types of primary headaches?

Answer 2

Migrain
tension
cluster
sinus

Question 3

What are the signs and symptoms of a migraine headache

Answer 3

- nausea and vomiting
sensitivity to light
sensitivity to sound
affected vision- aura around things
sensitivity to smell and touch, numbness of face or extremities

Question 4

What can trigger migraines?

Answer 4

Diet- chocolate, cheese, red wine
Seep- too much or little
menstraul cycle
Physiochemical0 exessive heat or light or noises
Emotional causes - stress
Weekend headaches- relax too much

Question 5

What are some treatment options for a migrain?

Answer 5

Avoid triggers
Medication- pain and blood pressure medications
Preventative- daily medication to reduce number of attacks- Metroprolo (beta blockers), antidepressents, anti-convulsants
Non-medication therapies- acupuncture, google, hydrotherapy, relaxation, yoga, meditation

Question 6

What are the most common types of headaches?

Answer 6

Tension

Question 7

What is the pain like in a tension headache?

Answer 7

Squeezing the head with a band. Pressure and tightness

Question 8

What are some treatments for tension headaches?

Answer 8

Over the counter analgesics- asprin, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen

Question 9

What is a cluster headace?

Answer 9

Where there is moderate-sevre unilateral pain to the head or face- pain is usually under or around the eye

Question 10

What features is a cluster headache assosated with?

Answer 10

Lacrimation, conjunctival injection, rhinorrhoea, nasal congestion, eyelid odeam and ptosis

Question 11

What is AVs inital treatment for a cluster headache?

Answer 11

100% o2 on 15L non rebreather

Question 12

What other inital thearpy can be done for a cluster headache outside of ambulance?

Answer 12

Subcutaneous Ttriptan injection- which is a SSRA that stimulate serotonin to reduce inflamation and constrict blood vessles.

Question 13

What is a sinus headache?

Answer 13

Pain behind the browbone and or cheeck bones

Question 14

What can follow on from a sinus headache?

Answer 14

Many are misdiagonised and can turn out to be migrains or TTH

Question 15

What is the treatment for a sinus headache?

Answer 15

Same as TTH

Over the counter analgesiscs such as Ibuprofin, ketoprofin, asprin, naproen, and acetaminophen

Question 16

What are secondary heachaes attributed to?

Answer 16

Head/neck trauma
cranial or cervical vascular disorder
Non-vascular intracranial disorder
Substance abuse or withdrawl
Infection
Disorder of homoestasis
psychiatric disorder

Question 17

What are some characteristics of a cluster headache?

Answer 17

Pain begins quickly and is a deep constant pain with an explosive quality

Question 18

What are the different durations of the primary headaches?

Answer 18

Migraine 8-72 hours
Cluster- 30mins-3 hours
tension- variable
sinus- variable

Question 19

What are the sings and symptoms of a secondary headache caused by a ICH?

Answer 19

Thunder clap onset

neurological defects

Question 20

What are the sings and symptoms of a secondary headache caused by Giant cell athritis??

Answer 20

Jaw pain, vision loss, fever and fatigue

Question 21

What are the sings and symptoms of a secondary headache caused by internal corotid artery disection?

Answer 21

Scalp pain
dificulty speaking
drooping of eye
altered sensation on one side of face/body