Water

Question 1

Water molecule

Answer 1

Has a dipole due to uneven distribution of charge between hydrogen and oxygen atoms
Attraction between partial negative chargers on oxygen and partial positive charges on hydrogen

Question 2

What type of intermolecular forces are in hydrogen

Answer 2

Hydrogen bonding which is individually weak but collectively strong

Question 3

Water is polar or non-polar

Answer 3

Polar

Question 4

Specific heat capacity definition

Answer 4

The amount of energy needed to change the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C

Question 5

Water has a high specific capacity

Answer 5

Strength of hydrogen bonding causes high boiling point
Large input of energy needed to change temperature
Helps to buffer changes in temperature and make aquatic environment stable

Question 6

Latent heat of vaporisation

Answer 6

Amount of heat energy needed to change a given quantity of substance from a liquid to gas

Question 7

Water has a high latent of heat of vaporisation

Answer 7

Strength of hydrogen bonding causes a high boiling point
Large input of energy needed to evaporate
When mammals sweat to cool down not much water is lost
Provides a cooling effect with little water loss through evaporation

Question 8

Water molecules are cohesive (Stick together)

Answer 8

Hydrogen bonds cause molecules to stick together
Allows water to move in columns e.g xylem vessels
Creates surface tension for aquatic organisms

Question 9

Water is an important metabolite ( Is in a lot of chemical reactions )

Answer 9

Reactants in many chemical reactoins
Photosynthesis
Hydrolysis reaction
Diffusion across moist surfaces

Question 10

Water is a universal solvent

Answer 10

Polarity means it readily dissolves many solutes
Respiratory gases
Waste products
Enzymes
Inorganic ions
Metabolic reactions occur faster in aqueous solutions