Cancer Flashcards

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1
Q

Cancer

A

A mutation in the genes that cause cell division to grow out of control

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2
Q

Causes of cancer

A

UV rays - ionising radiation
Carcinogenic chemicals - Smoking

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3
Q

Two types of tumours

A

Malignant - Grows fast and will invade other parts of body
Benign - Grows slowly and kept in one place and doesn’t invade othet parts of tissue

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4
Q

Treatments for cancer

A

Chemotherapy
Radiotherapy
Drugs

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5
Q

How does chemotherapy work

A

Prevents synthesis of enzymes required for DNA replication stop the cell cycle before the S phase . DNA cannot be replicated so cell won’t divide

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6
Q

How does radiotherapy work

A

Damages DNA so the cell will not pass the check points in the S phase . Forces the cell to kill itself (Apoptosis)

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7
Q

Drugs

A

Prevent spindle fibres from forming which will prevent mitosis as one cell will contain double the DNA and one cell will have none making them both unsuitable for division

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