Vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

What vitamin in Biotin?

A

Vitamin H

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2
Q

What is Vitamin C used for

A

COllagen formation, bile formation, caecholamines, iron absorption

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3
Q

WHat are B vitamins coenzymes for?

A

Glycolysis, TCA, HMP, Lipid metabolism

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4
Q

What is vitamin B1 (Thiamin) vital to?

A

Erythrocytes for HMP shunt

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5
Q

What causes BeriBeri?

A

Deficiency in B1 (Thiamin)

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6
Q

What causes PEP (star gazers) in ruminants?

A

Thiamin (B1) deficiency

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7
Q

What causes PEM?

A

High grain diet contains Thiaminases that break down thiamin

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8
Q

What is Riboflavin (B2) used for?

A

FAD reactions

Lipid metabolism

Glycerol Phosphate Shuttle

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9
Q

Does deficiency of Riboflavin cause death?

A

No, but can cause cataracts

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10
Q

What is Niacin (B3) used for?

A

All metabolic pathways
NADH precursor molecule
Component of electron carriers

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11
Q

Signs of niacin deficiecy

A

Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia

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12
Q

What excess amino acid results in niacin deficiency

A

Leucine

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13
Q

What is Pantothenic acid (B5) used for?

A

GRowth
Part of Co-enzyme A
Formation of citrate
Activation of fatty acids

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14
Q

What is pyroxidine (B6) used for?

A

Participates in 1000+ reactions (mostly transamination)

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15
Q

What is Biotin (vitamin H) used for?

A
Linked to protein
Carboxylation reactions (Pyruvate to OAA, Malnoyl CoA to Acetyl CoA)
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16
Q

Signs of biotin deficiency

A

Dermatitis, hair loss, muscle weakness

17
Q

What is cobalamin (B12) used for?

A

TCA cycle

Gluconeogenesis

18
Q

What is Folic Acid (B9) used for?

A

Amino Acid metabolism

Neural tube development

19
Q

What is Vitamin A used for?

A

Vision, reproduction, bone remodeling

20
Q

Vitamin A signs of deficiency

A

Keratinization of epithelial tissue (eyeballs)

21
Q

What is the only vitamin that is a hormone?

22
Q

What is vitamin D used for?

A

Hormone, Bone growth, serum calcium levels

23
Q

Vitamin D signs of deficiency

A

Poor bone mineralization, rickets

24
Q

Can vitamin D be synthesized by mammalian tissue?

A

Yes but needs UV light to reach a high enoguh amount synthesized

25
What is vitamin E used for?
Nerve/muscle development | Antioxidant
26
Signs of Vitamin E deficiency
Fragile RBCs Sperm immobility Muscular degenration due to large Ca influx (white muscle disease)
27
What is vitamin K used for?
BLood clotting
28
Signs of vitamin K deficiency
Steatorrhea (excess fat in feces), may lead to heart problems
29
What is a side effect of Warfarin poisoning?
Rat poisoning | Prevents blood clotting by destroying vitamin K
30
What is an effect of dicoumarol poisoing?
Found in spoiled sweet clover causes Fatal hemorrhages
31
What fat soluble vitamin has shortest half life?
Vitamin K
32
WHere is the majority of vitamin K sotreD?
Liver
33
Properties of co-enzyme?
Low molecular weght, not a protein, chemically altered, recycled
34
What animal doesn't need vitamin C in diet?
Rats
35
WHat can a deficiency of cobalamin or folic acid cause?
Megaloblastic anemia
36
WHo should take folic acid supplements
Pregnant people,leukemia patients, s=those on sulfa drugs
37
What vitamins are needed for bone growth
Vitamin A, Vitamin D