Abdominal Cavity I Flashcards
In the aponeurosis of what muscle is the superficial inguinal ring located?
External abdominal oblique
What is the cranial border of the deep inguinal ring?
caudal border of the aponeurosis of the internal abdominal oblique
What is the medial border of the deep inguinal ring?
Lateral border of the rectus abdominis
What is the caudal border of the deep inguinal ring?
Inguinal ligament & caudal end of External Abdominal oblique
What structures are located in the inguinal canal?
Spermatic cord/vaginal process External cremaster muscle External pudendal arter and vein Genitofemoral nerve Efferent duct of the superficial inguinal lymph node
What 2 structures are used as landmarks for dividing the quadrants?
Linea alba
Umbilicus
What are the borders of the abdominal cavity? (cranial, dorsal, lateral, ventral, caudal)
Cranial: Diaphragm
Dorsal: Lumbar vertebrae, sublumbar muscles
Lateral: EAO, IAO, TA
Ventral: Rectus abdominis, rectus sheath, linea alba
Caudal: Pelvic inlet
What organs are contained in the abdominal cavity?
Stomach Descending colon Liver Pancreas Spleen Kidneys Female reproductive tract Nerve plexuses Blood vessels Lymph nodes Omentum
Are there any organs present in the peritoneal cavity?
No
What is the linea alba also known as?
Midvental raphe
What forms the linea alba?
Aponeurosis of Extrnal Abdominal Oblique, Internal Abdominal Oblique
Transversus abdominis
Transverse fasica
What does the linea alba blend with?
Prepubic tendon
Where does the linea alba originate?
Xiphoid cartilage
Where does the linea alba insert?
Pelvic symphysis
What layers make the external lamina of the cranial rectus sheath?
EAO
superficial layer of IAO
What layers make the internal lamina of the cranial rectus sheath?
Deep layer of IAO
Transverse abdominis
Transverse fascia
What layers make the external lamina of the umbilical rectus sheath?
EAO
IAO
What layers make the internal lamina of the umbilical rectus sheath
Transverse abdominis
Transverse fascia
What layers make the external lamina of the caudal rectus sheath?
EAO
IAO
end of the Transverse abdominis
What is the internal lamina of the caudal rectus sheath made of?
Transverse fascia
Where is the parietal peritoneum in regards to the transverse fascia?
Deep to TF
What is the largest and most complex serous membrane in the body?
Peritoneum
What is the difference between the male and female peritoneum?
Closed sac in the male
Female opens to peritoneal cavity via abdominal ostium of uterine tubes in ovarian bursa
What are the parts of the peritoneum?
Parietal
Visceral
Peritoneal cavity
What does the parietal peritoneum line?
Abdominal wall Abdominal surface of diaphragm Pelvic cavity Scrotal cavity Vaginal process
What does the parietal peritoneum form?
Vaginal tunic of spermatic cord & vaginal process
Vaginal ring of peritoneal cavity
Where is the visceral peritoneum located?
Covers the organs in abdominal cavity and cranial portion of pelvic cavity
Does the peritoneal cavity contain any organs?
NO!!
When is the exception that something is located in the peritoneal cavity aside from serous fluid?
Ova ovulates in to peritoneal cavity to the infundibulum
What are the 3 parts of the peritoneal cavity?
Greater sac
Lesser sac
Epiploic foramen
What is the lesser peritoneal sac also known as?
Omental bursa
What is the purpose of the epiploic foramen?
Communication between the 2 sacs
What is the pararectal fossa?
Space on either side of the mesorectum
Where is the rectogenital pouch?
Below rectum & above genitals
Where is the vesicogenital pouch?
Above bladder & below genitals
Where is the pubovesical pouch?
Above pubic bone & below bladder
What is the mesentery?
Double layer of peritoneum
What is the purpose of the mesentery?
Suspends freely moveable abdominal organs
Supplies route for blood vessels, nerves, lymphatics
Where is the root of the mesentery attached?
Dorsal abdominal wall at L1-L2
Which artery runs through the root of the mesentery?
Cranial mesenteric artery
What are the 2 parts of the mesentery?
Dorsal
Ventral
Which part of the mesentery supports most of the organs?
Dorsal
Name the 6 segments of the dorsa mesentery
Greater omentum Mesoduodenum Mesojejunum Mesoileum Mesocolon Mesorectum
What 2 parts of the dorsal mesentery make the great mesentery?
Mesojejunum
Mesoileum
What 2 layers of the dorsal mesentery are continuous with the great mesentery?
Deep leaf of the greater omentum
descending mesocolon
What is the ventral mesentery derived from?
Ventral mesogastrium
What are the segments of the ventral mesentery?
Lesser omentum
Falciform ligament
Median ligament of the bladder
Antimesenteric ligament (Ileocecal fold)
What umbilical structure forms the falciform ligament in the adult?
Umbilical vein
What embryonic structure forms the median ligament of the bladder in the adult?
Urachus
What ligament is present at the crest of the diaphragm?
Coronary ligament
What ligament is present on either crus of the diaphragm
Triangluar ligament
What ligament is present between the stomach and the spleen?
Gastrosplenic ligament
What ligament is between the liver and the stomach?
Hepatogastric ligament
Where is the greater omentum located?
From the greater curvature of the stomach to the dorsal abdominal wall
Name 2 structures the superficial leaf of the greater omentum contains
Spleen
Gastrosplenic ligament
Name the structure that is contained in the deep leaf of the greater omentum
Left lobe of pancreas
Why is the greater omentum considered to have 4 layers?
Superficial & deep leaf are double layered
Where is the omental bursa located?
Between superficial and deep leaf
What forms the walls of the omental bursa?
Stomach, liver, pancreas, greater & lesser omentum
Where is the lesser omentum located?
Lesser curvature of the stomach and cranial part of duodenum t the visceral surface of liver
What 3 structures are located within the lesser omentum?
Papillary process of caudate lobe
Hepatogastric ligament
Hepatoduodenal ligament
Where does the epiploic foramen lead to and from?
From omental bursa to peritoneal cavity
What are the borders of the epiploic foramen?
Caudal vena cava (dorsal) Portal vein (ventral) Caudate process of the liver (lateral)
What is the relevance of the epiploic foramen?
Most common site of extrahepatic portosystemic shunt
