Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology > Channel-linked receptors > Flashcards

Channel-linked receptors Flashcards

1
Q

Name an example of a channel-linked receptor

A

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Can a channel-linked receptor have a ligand bound and still be closed?

A

Yes, the channel will close prior to ligand dissociating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are channel-linked receptors also known as?

A

Receptor-gated ion channels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

WHat is the difference between channel-linked receptors and voltage-gated ion channels?

A

Channel-linked receptors open due to binding of agonist, not change in membrane potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where are channel-linked receptors mainly found?

A

Muscle cells

Nerve cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How fast can receptor-gated ion channels signal?

A

Within milliseconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the receptor and function of Acetylcholine in skeletal muscle?

A

muscular nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

Opens cation channel to depolarize for muscle contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the receptor and function of Acetylcholine in neurons?

A

Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

Opens cation channel for neuron excitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the receptor and function of Glutamate/Aspartate in neurons?

A

NMDA

Opens cation channel for neuron excitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the receptor and function of GABA in neurons?

A

GABA-a

Opens chloride channel for hyperpolarization (no action potential)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the receptor and function of Glycine in neurons?

A

Glycine

Opens chloride channel for hyperpolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe signaling through voltage-gated Ca+ channels

A

Contraction or release of vesicles that contain another signaling molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe signaling through Na+ voltage-gated channels

A

Contraction or propagation of information via action potentials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the Nernst equation?

A

Ek = -60/z * log [K+] inside/[K+] outside

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

If a membrane potential is at -70mV and a Na+ channel (+60mV) opens, wha can be expected of the membrane potential?

A

Moves towards 60 (+)

Depolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

If a membrane potential is at -70mV and a Cl- channel (-90mV) opens, what can be expected?

A

Hyperpolarization

Moves to -90 (-)

17
Q

If a membrane potential is at -70mV and a cation channel (0mV) opens, what can be expected?

A

Depolarization

Moves toward 0 (+)

18
Q

Is intracellular or extracellular calcium higher?

A

Extracellular

19
Q

Name the 3 intracellular calcium stores

A

mitochondria
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Endoplasmic reticulum

20
Q

Name the 5 pathways to increase cytosolic Ca+

A 
Receptor-activated channel
Receptor-gated channel
Voltage-gated channel
IP3 receptor-gated channel
Ryanodine receptor-gated channel
21
Q

How do IP3 receptor-gated channels and Ryanodine receptor-gated channels increase cytoslic Ca+?

A

IP3 opens intracellular stores of Ca+

22
Q

What are the 4 pathways to decrease ctosolic Ca+?

A

Ca+-ATPase in plasma membrane

Na+/Ca+ exchanger pump

Ca+ ATPase in endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum

Ca+/H+ exchanger in mitochondria

23
Q

How do Ca+ ATPases decrease cytosolic Ca+?

A

Ca+ is pumped out of cell by Ca+ATPase in the plasma membrane

Ca+ is pumped in to intracellular stores by Ca+ ATPase

24
Q

How many ATP molecules are required to run the Ca+ATPase pumps?

A

1

25
Q

What powers the Na+/Ca+ exchanger pump?

A

Na+/K+ ATPase

26
Q

What powers the Ca+/H+ exchanger pump?

A

H+ gradient

27
Q

Describe the pathway of neurotransmitter release

A

Action potential causes membrane depolarization

Depolarization opens Ca+ channel

Ca+ causes transmitter release from vesicles

Transmitters cross synapse to receptors

28
Q

Describe the insulin secretion pathway

A

Glucose enters to Beta cell through GLUT2

Glucose is oxidized to create ATP

ATP blocks pump from excreting K+ out of cell

Increasing intracellular K+ causes depolarization

Depolarization opens Ca+ voltage-gated channel

Ca+ triggers vesicles to release insulin

29
Q

Describe the contraction pathway of a cardiac ventricular myocyte

A

Small depolarization occurs due to gap junctions and opens Na+ voltage-gated channel

Na+ voltage-gated channel causes large depolarization

Depolarization activates voltage-gated Ca+ channels

Ca+ enters cell and activates ryanodine-receptor

Ryanodine-receptor allows large amounts of Ca+ in to cell from Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Increase is cytosolic Ca+ causes contraction

30
Q

Describe the relaxation of cardiac muscle

A

Large depolarization activates delayed K+ channels

K+ are pumped out to restore resting membrane potential

CA+ATPase pumps Ca+ from cytosol back to SR and to extracellular compartment by Na+/Ca+ exchanger

31
Q

What powers the Na+/Ca+ exchanger?

A

Na+/K+ ATPase

32
Q

What receptor is responsible for the bulk of Ca+ inflow during cardiac contraction?

A

Ryanodine receptor

33
Q

How many times do ion channels pass through the membrane?

A

4

Physiology (45 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions