Synaptic transmission Flashcards

1
Q

What causes the release of neurotransmitter?

A

Presynaptic action potential

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2
Q

Can neurotransmitters be released even without Nav and Kv channels?

A

Yes, if membrane can be artificially depolarized

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3
Q

What causes neurotransmitter release during an action potential?

A

Presynaptic Ca2+ influx via voltage-gated Ca2+ channels

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4
Q

Calmodulin dependent kinase can mobilize neurotansmitters how?

A

Initiate exocytosis

Replenish releasable pool

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5
Q

What is docking?

A

Trafficking of transmitters to docking protein, Rab3 (GTP-binding), for release

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6
Q

What is the release mechanism for the storage pool of neurotransmitters

A

Synapsins link vesicles to cytoskeleton

Calmodulin kinase modulates these links

During Ca2+ influx, Rab3A binds to rabphillin on vesicles and directs them to targetin vsciles & docking site

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7
Q

What proteins are required for transfer of neurotransmitters to releasable pool?

A

Mammalian uncoordinated-13 (18)

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8
Q

What is the mechanism for release of the slowly releasable/readily releasable pool?

A

Vesicles dock via v-SNAREs and target t-SNAREs

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9
Q

Name common v-SNARES

A

synaptobrevin

VAMP

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10
Q

Name common t-SNAREs

A

syntaxin, neurexin, SNAP-25

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11
Q

What SNARE is targeted by the tetanus toxin?

A

Synaptobrevin

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12
Q

What SNARE is targeted by the botulinum A toxin?

A

SNAP-25

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13
Q

What is the function of synaptoagmin?

A

Modulates Ca2+ dependent exocytosis

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14
Q

Synaptic release of how many vesicles within 1-2ms will depolarize the neuromuscular postsynaptic membrane to 0mV?

A

100-300

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15
Q

What may account for 90% of neurotransmitter release?

A

Quantal (spontaneous) release

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16
Q

How far does the quantal release of neurotransmitter diffuse? How long does this take?

A

20-50 nm in 2ms

17
Q

Are diffusion rates fast or slow?

A

Fast

18
Q

Are dissociation rates fast or slow?

A

fast

19
Q

Are opening & closing rates fast or slow?

A

Fast

20
Q

Are desensitization rates and internalization rates fast or slow?

A

slow

21
Q

What is the rate limiting step of synaptic transmission?

A

Recovery rate