variety of organisms Flashcards
multicellular, unicellular...
unicellular
organisms that are made of only one cell 8 bacteria)
multicellular
organisms made out of multiple cells
eukaryotic
cells that have a nucleus
prokaryotic
cells with no nucleus but still have DNA
Heterotrophs
organisms that find food from other sourcesget their nutrients and energy by eating other plants or animals
autotrophs
organisms that make their own food by photosynthesis
saprophytes
Release enzymes which breakdown organic matter into nutrients which can be absorbed eg.fungi
pathogens may include :
fungi, bacteria, protoctists, viruses
what is a pathogen
A pathogen is a disease-causing organism
what are the 5 kingdoms
animals
plant
protoctist
fungi
prokaryots
Prokaryotic organisms
single-celled and do not contain a nucleus
example of prokaryotes
bacteria
are protoctisists large, multicellular ?
no they are single celled and microscopic
protoctist nucleus ?
yes, with a membrane
protoctists have cell walls or chloroplasts ?
some
do protoctists have a nervous coordination
no
are fungi multi or single celled
usually multicellular but can be single
what are fungi made of
thread-like structures known as hyphae that contain many nuclei and are organised into a network known as a mycelium
do fungi have a nucleus
yes
do fungi have walls
yes
fungi cell walls made of ?
Chitin
do fungi carry out photosynthesis
NO
how do fungi feed
secreting extracellular digestive enzymes into food ( saprophotic nutrition)
do fungi have a nervous coordination
no
are plants multi or single celled
multi
do plants have a nucleus
yes
do plants have cell walls
yes
plant cell walls made of
cellulose
do plants have chloroplasts / photosynthesise
yes
how do plants store carbohydrates
starch or sucrose
do plants have a nervous coordination
no
are animals multicellular
yes
do animals have a nucleus
yes
do animals have cell walls
no
how do animals feed
feed on organic substances made by other living things (heterotrophs)
how do animals store carbohydrates
as glycogen
do aniamls have a nervous coordination
yes
Features of prokaryotic organisms include (3)
they are single-celled
they have no nucleus
the nuclear material is found in the cytoplasm
example of a bacteria
lactobacillus
are bacteria single celled and microscopic
yes
features of bacteria (4)
they have a cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm and plasmids
do bacteria have nucleus
no, circular DNA
do bacteria have mitochondria
no
how do bacteria feed
Most feed on other living or dead organisms
what is a pathogen
A pathogen is any microorganism that causes disease in another organism
examples of pathogens (microorganisms)
bacteria
fungi
protoctists
viruses
example of pathogen
Plasmodium falciparum which causes malaria
are viruses alive
no
how do virus reproduce
must take over a host cell’s metabolic pathways
size of virus cells
miniscule
are virus parasitic
yes and can only reproduce inside living cells
what type of organism do virus infect
every type of living organism
do virus have cellular structure (wall or membrane)
They have no cellular structure but have a protein coat and contain one type of nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA
example of virus
influenza virus
