Respiration Flashcards

Topic 2 F

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1
Q

Respiration is

A

the process of transferring energy from glucose. it goes on in every cell in your body

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2
Q

where does respiration happen

A

in every cell of your body

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3
Q

can the energy transferred in respiration be used directly by the cells ?

A

no

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4
Q

what is the energy produced by respiration used for

A

to make a substance called ATP

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5
Q

what does ATP do

A

stored the energy needed for many cell processes

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6
Q

what type of reaction is respiration

A

a chemical reaction

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7
Q

from where is energy released in respiration

A

glucose

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8
Q

how is ATP made

A

during respiration, glucose is broken down and several ATP molecules are produced

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9
Q

what does ATP release and how

A

it can be broken down to release energy for living processes to happen within cells and organisms.

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10
Q

what are some processes that need the energy given by ATP ( 3)

A
  • keeping warm
  • muscle contractions for movement
  • chemical reactions
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11
Q

aerobic respiration needs

A

oxygen

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12
Q

what is aerobic respiration defined as

A

the chemical reaction in cells that uses oxygen to break down nutrient molecules to release energy

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13
Q

what is aerobic respiration ( what happens)

A

complete breakdown of glucose to release a relatively large amount of energy for use in cell processes and reactions

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14
Q

what are the waste products of aerobic respiration

A

carbon dioxide + water

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15
Q

word equation of aerobic respiration in humans

A

oxygen + glucose —— carbon dioxide + water

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16
Q

symbol equation of aerobic respiration for humans

A

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O

17
Q

does anaerobic respiration need oxygen

A

no

18
Q

what in anaerobic respiration defined as

A

the chemical reaction in cells that breaks down nutrient molecules to release energy without using oxygen

19
Q

anaerobic respiration involves (breakdown of glucose)

A

the incomplete breakdown of glucose and so releases a relatively small amount of energy for use in cell processes

20
Q

is aerobic word equation the same for all living organisms

A

yes

21
Q

waste product of anaerobic respiration in humans / animals

A

lactic acid ( when oxygen already in our cells runs out, glucose is broken down so lactic acid is formed)

22
Q

how is lactic acid removed after anaerobic respiration

A

be broken down using oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water as waste products

23
Q

which respiration releases less energy

A

Anaerobic respiration releases less energy than aerobic respiration

24
Q

word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals

A

glucose— lactic acid (+energy)

25
Q

word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants

A

glucose —- ethanol + carbon dioxide (+ energy)

26
Q

when is anaerobic respiration used in animals

A

during vigorous exercise (usually not very long) , when your body can’t supply enough oxygen to your muscles for aerobic respiration.

27
Q

why does lactic acid need to be removed

A

its a toxic waste product of respiration

28
Q

what respiration is used the most often

A

respiration

29
Q

differences between the 2 respirations

A

AEROBIC
- oxygen needed
- glucose breakdown is complete
- products are CO 2 & H2O
- Energy released is a lot

ANAEROBIC
- oxygen not needed
- glucose breakdown is incomplete
- products formed lactic acid for animals
and carbon dioxide and ethanol for yeast and plants

  • energy released is little
30
Q

PRACTICAL INVESTIGATING RESPIRATION ( seed germination)

A

Measure out 10 cm3 of hydrogencarbonate indicator into 3 boiling tubes

Put in a layer of cotton wool

Place 10 germinating seeds in tube A

Place 10 boiled/dead seeds in tube B

Place 10 glass beads in tube C

Seal each tube with a rubber bung

After 3 hours, observe the colour of the indicator

31
Q

results of investigation should be

A

In this investigation, we would expect to note the following

Tube A should turn yellow as the seeds are respiring and producing carbon dioxide

Tube B should remain red as the dead seeds produce no carbon dioxide

Tube C should remain red as there is no living material in there