Urinary System part 1 Flashcards
what is the major excretory system of the body
urinary system
what does the urinary system eliminate
waste and excessive products
what is formed in protein metabolism
nitrogenous waste
urine is formed from ammonia into
urea
what are the 4 parts of the urinary system
kidneys
ureters
bladder
urethra
what is the unit that filters blood, removing waste and forming urine
kidneys
what is urine (4)
- excess H2O
- excess ions
- metabolic wastes
- toxic substances
what is the shape of the kidney
bean shaped
where is the kidney located
T12 to L3
where is the arterial supply from for the kidney
renal arteries off aorta
where is the venous supply from for the kidneys
renal veins
where do the renal veins drain into
IVC
what kidney is slightly lower than the other and why
right is lower because of locations of liver
the kidneys are what kind of paired organs
retroperitoneal
each kidneys lies where
lateral to the vertebral column
on posterior abdominal wall largely under cover of the costal margin
in the supine position the kidneys extend from
T12 superiorly to L3
with contraction of the diaphragm during respiration, both kidneys move
downward
what are the 6 functions of the urinary system
- excretion
- regulation of BV and BP
- regulation of blood solute concentrations
- regulation of extracellular fluid pH
- regulation of RBC synthesis
- regulation of vitamin D synthesis
does the urinary system maintain homeostasis
yes
what filters waste products and bodys plasma vilume
excretion
what controls ECF of body
regulation of BV and BP
the regulation of BV and BP are dependent on
hydration
during regulation of BV and BP it produces large volume of dilute urine or small volume of what
concentrated urine
control of BV, thereby control BP via
urine production
what else is produced when BP falls
renin
regulation blood solute concentratioins regulate what
ion concentration
the body secretes variable amount of H to regulate what
pH
erythropoetin causes RBC synthesis in
red bone marrow
control blood Ca levels by regulating
vitamin D synthesis
what cavity are the kidneys in
posterior to parietal peritoneum in retroperitoneal area
what has a transparent tough fibrous layer that surrouds the kidney
renal capsule
what is the purpose of the renal capsule
to prevent infections from surrounding area to spread to kidney
what capsule covers renal capsule
perirenal fat capsule (adispose)
what does adipose protect from
trauma and damage
adipose holds what in place
kidney and cushions it
what is renal fascia
dense fibrous CT
anchors kidneys and adrenal glands to abdominal wall
what is the renal fascia surrounded by
adipose
lower kidneys esp right are susceptible to
blunt trauma
hematuria=
blood in urine
blood in urine is sign of
trauma to kidney
Where renal artery enters kidney and where renal vein and ureter exit kidney
hilum
The collecting funnel
Gathers urine into ureter
renal pelvis
Inner region deep to arcuate arteries and veins
renal medulla
Outer region superficial to arcuate arteries and veins
renal cortex
Most superficial region. Light colored. Granular appearance. Filters blood
renal cortex
Deeper layer, which is a darker, reddish-brown. Role as Collecting chamber
renal medulla
Pyramidal shape, bases toward cortex.
Collection of tubes/ducts that transport fluid in kidney and make urine
renal pyramids
At tips of pyramids. Takes urine into Minor Calyx into larger Major Calyx
renal papillae
Extension of cortical tissue toward medulla
renal columns
Funnel shaped chamber that urine empties into. Surrounded by Renal sinus, narrows into Ureter tube. Urine moves from Renal pelvis into Ureter Bladder Urethra
renal pelvis
