digestive system part 5 Flashcards
how far does the large intestine span from
ileocecal valve to anus
what are the four parts of the small intestine
cecum, colon, rectum, anal canal
4 subdivisions of the colon
ascending
transverse
descending
sigmoid colon
what type of issue is the large intestine
simple columnar epithelium
what secretes mucus in large intestine
goblet cells
the large intestine has coat lining for what
feces to pass thru
how long does it take for feces to go through the large intestine
18-24 hours
chyme->
feces
how mucb chyme enter the cecum daily
1500 ml
how much feces is defecated/day
80-150 ml
feces ?
absorb water and salts, secretion of mucus and extensive MO action
stored until eliminated via defecation
where is the cecum
proximal end of the large intestine, where joins small intestine at ileocecal valve
the cecum is inferior 6cm beyond
ileocecal valve
what is a smaller blind tube, 9 cm long and contains lymph nodules
verminform appendix
Inflammation occurs due to Obstruction Blockage of mucous secretions or intestinal contents, causes Enlargement & Pain. Bacteria causes infection.
appendicitis
symptoms of appendicitis
Sudden onset abdominal pain, Localizes to RLQ = McBurney’s Point. Referred pain from Inflamed appendix. Affects 500,000 people in US/year
treatment for appendicitis
Appendectomy. If BURSTS Infection spread throughout Peritoneal Cavity Called Peritonitis = Life threatening! Also Gangrenous, Abscess.
cecum moving superiorly up right side, ending at right colic flexure
ascending
spans across from right colic flexure to left colic flexure
transverse
spans from left colic flexure down left side to superior true pelvis opening
descending
S-shaped tube extending into pelvis and ends at rectum
sigmoid
3 specializations from colon
huastra
epiploic appendages
teniae coli
what does the haustra do
puckering along colon length from teniae coli contractions
what are fat filled pouches attached to teniae coli
epiploic appendages
what extends from longitudinal layer, runs length of colon
teniae coli
what kind of epithelium is in the mucosa
simple columnar
goblet cells predominate with
mucos secretion
what is straight, muscular tube spanning from distal end of sigmoid colon to anal colon
rectum
is the muscularis layer thin or thick
thick
what is 2-3 cm at the end of digestive tract
anal canal
where does the anal canal span from
inferior rectum to anus
the anal canal is smooth muscle very thick, forming what
internal anal sphincter at superior end
skeletal muscles forms what in the anal canal
external anal sphincter at inferior end
in the anal canal superior epithelium=
inferior =
simple columnar and inferior= stratified squamous
what is a condition when rectal veins supplying the anal canal enlarge and become inflamed
hemorrhoids
Symptoms of henorrhoids
pain, itching and anal bleeding
treatment for hemorrhoids
dietary changes and medications
what is a global epidemic
hospital acquired diarrhea
what is hospital acquired diarrhea due to
clostridium difficile
what is clostridium difficile do
pathogen which normally inhabits colon
controlled by normal microbiota-
role is to synthesize vitamin K and breakdown cellulose-> glucose
