electrolyte balance' Flashcards
what are chemical compounds that dissociate into ions in H2O
electrolytes
what are electrolytes due to
the ions being charged particles which conduct electrical current
what are categories of electrolytes
inorganic salts, inorganic/ organic acids and bases, some proteins
what do electrolytes have increased amounts of
osmotic power due to dissociation into at least 2 ions: NaCl, MgCl2
what do electrolytes cause
fluid shifts
what do fluid shifts do
influences movement of H2O from lesser osmalality to higher osmoality= osmosis
what are major extracellular ions
Na+, Cl— , K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, PO3-
where do we get most of our electrolytes from
food and water we ingest
how are electrolytes removed from the body
by kidneys, liver, skin and lungs
when does the concentration of electrolytes change
only when an individual is growing, gaining weight or losing weight
electrolyte balance=
salt balance
roles of electrolytes
control fluid movements, provide minerals for excitability, secretory activity and membrane permeability
what is the most abudant cation in the ECF
Na
what is the primary role of sodium
control ECF volume and water distribution in the body
what two things does sodium do
- exert significant osmotic pressuer
- cellular plasma membrane= impermeable to Na
what follows NaCl
water
when there is a change in plasma Na affects
plasma volume, BP, ICF, and IF volume
sodium moves from where to where
ECF and body secretions
~8 L of secretions go into what
GI tract
most people consume 10-20x recommended amount of NaCl, so they need to do what
excrete quantities of Na
if Na intake is low, what occurs
conservation of Na
Total amount of Na+ in the body determines
ECF volume and BP
sodium concentration is regulated by
renin-angiotensin- aldosterone and ANF hormone by controlling Na reabsoprtion and excretion
As ECF Na+ Content increases->
rise in ecf osmolality -> adh and thirst-> increased H2O Retention & Intake Reduced Na+ Concentration & Increases ECF volume
