Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Structure and Function II > Chapter 17 Endocrine Part 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 17 Endocrine Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what system works together with the nervous system

A

endocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

common goal of the endocrine system

A

achieve/ maintain homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the endocrine system consists of

A

endocrine glands/ tissue throughout the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

endocrine glands secrete what

A

chemical messengers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are chemical messengers

A

hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the endocrine system transports throughout the body via

A

blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

the endocrine system binds to

A

receptors on target tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what events does the endocrine and hormones control

A
  1. growth and development
  2. tissue formation
  3. metabolism and energy balance
  4. reproduction
  5. sexual development
  6. fluid, electrolyte and nutrition homeostasis
  7. behavior
  8. immune system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

hormones stimulate osteocytes to secrete new matrix, neurons form and strengthen synapses and skeletal muscle fibers enlarge

A

growth and development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

hormones stimulate glucose regulation
production of enzymes essential for food breakdown/ absorption
adjusrs HR, BP, RR to better adapt to current metabolic demand

A

metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

hormones regulate renal function, controlling which ions/ water retained or excreted, regulate pH of plasma, # and types of blood cells produced and the amount of proteins in blood plasma

A

blood compositioin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

hormones regulates reproductioin via production of gametes
also role in milk production/ let down in breast feeding

A

reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

electronic signaling

A

nervous sytem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

nervous system has wired or wireless system

A

wired

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

wired system=

A

localized effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the response in the nervous system is rapid and brief duration or slower and long lasting

A

rapid and brief duration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

the nervous sytem reacts to far or close proximity

A

close

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

can some molecules act as both neurotransmitters and hormones depending on the source

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

is the endocrine system electronic or chemical signaling

A

chemical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

produced by neurons, secreted into synapse, travels short distance ro adjacent cell= effector

A

neurotransmitter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

neuron, gland or muscle=

A

paracrine agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

examples of neurotransmitters

A

acetylcholine and epinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

cell produces a hormone that act on itself

A

autocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

example of autocrine

A

t lymphocytes with an infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

cell produces hormone that acts on neighboring cells

A

paracrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

ductless, releases substance into the blood to a distant target cell

A

endocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

hormones are produced and secreted by

A

endocrine glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

where do hormones travel

A

in the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

at the target hormones stimulate a

A

response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

hormone actions are usually

A

cell specifici

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

protein molecules bind specifically with hormones and trigger specific physiologic changes in target cell

A

receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

chemical messengers created in response to

A

stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

hormones travel via blood to all

A

tissues in the body

34
Q

can hormones turn things on or off when bind to receptor

A

yes stinulate or inhibit

35
Q

hormones are regulated by what in the brain

A

hypothalamus

36
Q

the action of a hormone at the target is established by

A

receptors on or in target organ cells

37
Q

what is source tissue

A

where the hormone is released into the blood stream

38
Q

what is a source tissue for insulin

A

pancreatic islet cells

39
Q

what is target tissue

A

possesses receptors for the hormone and responds to the hormone by a specific action

40
Q

major endocrine glands include

A
  1. pineal gland
  2. hypothalamus
  3. pituitary gland
  4. thyroid gland
  5. parathyroid gland
  6. thymus
  7. pancreas
  8. adrenal glands
  9. testicles or ovaries
  10. placenta during pregnancy
41
Q

nontraditional hormone secreting organs

A

heart
kidneys
stomach
intestines
adipose tissue

42
Q

what nontraditional hormone organ secretes atrial natruretic peptide

A

heart

43
Q

what nontraditional hormone organ secretes erythropoietin

A

kidneys

44
Q

what nontraditional hormone organ secretes renin

A

kidneys

45
Q

what nontraditional hormone organ secretes gastrin

A

stomach

46
Q

what nontraditional hormone organ secretes cytokines, incretins, ghrelin

A

intestines

47
Q

what nontraditional hormone organ secretes leptin and adiponectin

A

adipose tissue

48
Q

3 types of stimuli control hormone release

A

humoral, hormonal, neural

49
Q

in humoral control, the production of hormone is controlled by the level of the controlled substance in the

A

blood flowing through the endocrine source tissue itself

50
Q

example of humoral control

A

the control of glucose by insulin and glucagon production and release by the pancreas

51
Q

in neural control, production of a hormone is controlled by the

A

direct neural stimulation of the source tissue

52
Q

the only occurance of the neural control is

A

direct sympathetic stimulation of the adrenal medulla to release catecholamines directly into the blood stream

53
Q

in hormonal control, production of a hormone is controlled by the

A

blood level of a hormone produced by a different source tissue

54
Q

hormones stimulate secretion of other hormones are called

A

tropic hormones

55
Q

tropic means

A

endocrine to endocrine

56
Q

most common tropic hormones is

A

anterior pituitary

57
Q

inhibitory hormones are released from hypothalamus and

A

prevent tropic hormone release

58
Q

also negative feedback=

A

no stimulus which decrease TH release

59
Q

3 patterns to determine hormone blood levels

A

chronic
acute
episodic

60
Q

constant blood levels over long timeframe

A

chronic

61
Q

when hormone concentration sudden/ irregular changes short timeframe, circulating levels differ with each stimulus

A

acute

62
Q

when hormone secreted at predictable intervals and concentrations, predictable bursts

A

episodic

63
Q

fluctuate during month (cyclical)

A

reproductive hormones

64
Q

can polar hormones pass through cell membrane

A

no

65
Q

can polar hormones get through mucosa of gut

A

no

66
Q

how do polar hormones need to be adminstered

A

by injection

67
Q

how do polar hormoned act outside cell

A

act as second-messenger mechanisms

68
Q

examples of polar hormones

A

catecolamines, melatonin, calcitonin

69
Q

polar means

A

water soluble

70
Q

lipophilic hormones include

A

steroid and thyroid hormones

71
Q

can lipophilic hormones cross cell membrane

A

yes

72
Q

how are lipophilic hormones adminstered

A

orally

73
Q

most common controlling mechanism

A

negative feedback

74
Q

hormones secretion is inhibited by

A

hormone itself

75
Q

what senses that something is wrong

A

hypothalamus

76
Q

pituitary hormone travels via

A

bloodstream

77
Q

pituitary hormone travels via the bloodsteam to target organ to produce

A

new hormone

78
Q

target organ hormone is produced which signals the

A

hypothalamus

79
Q

hypothalamus senses balance and

A

stops signaling the pituitary

80
Q

what is a rare mechanism

A

positive feedback

81
Q

what does positive feedback do

A

acceletates original process

82
Q

positive feedback continues until

A

certain action is complete

Human Structure and Function II (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions