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NUR 326 > Upper GI probs > Flashcards

Upper GI probs Flashcards

1
Q

upper G.I.

A

Esophagus
Stomach
Beginning of small intestines

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2
Q

lower G.I.

A

Small intestines
colon
Large intestines
Rectum/anus

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3
Q

esophageal problems

A

GERD
Hiatal hernia

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4
Q

inflammation disorders of stomach

A

Gastritis
Acute gastroenteritis
PUD

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5
Q

what is difficulty swallowing?

A

Dysphasia

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6
Q

causes of dysphasia

A

Mechanical obstruction
Neuromuscular dysfunction

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7
Q

mechanical obstruction involves

A

Stenosis
Stricter
Diverticula
Tumors

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8
Q

neuromuscular dysfunction involves

A

Stroke
Achalasia
Intubation, trach

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9
Q

achalasia

A

Lower esophageal sphincter can’t open properly

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10
Q

GERD

A

Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Heartburn

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11
Q

Patho of GERD

A

Lower esophageal sphincter doesn’t close properly
Backflow of gastric acid from stomach to esophagus

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12
Q

etiology of GERD

A

Alters closure strength of lower esophageal sphincter or increased abdominal pressure

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13
Q

examples of causes of altering closer strength or increasing abdominal pressure

A

fatty, spicy foods
Tomato-based foods
Citrus
Caffeine, lots of alcohol
Smoking
Sleep position
Obesity
Pregnancy
Pharmacologic agents

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14
Q

s/sx GERD

A

Heartburn
Dyspepsia
Regurgitation
Chest pain
Dysphasia
Pulmonary symptoms

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15
Q

Another name for heartburn

A

Pyrosis

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16
Q

complications of GERD

A

ulcerations, scarring, strictures
Barrett esophagus

17
Q

Barrett esophagus

A

development of abnormal metaplastic tissue – premalignant
Increased risk of developing adenocarcinoma of esophagus

18
Q

hiatal hernia

A

Defect in diaphragm that allows part of stomach to pass into the thorax

19
Q

sliding hernia

A

Usually small, not much treatment needed
perinium stays in tact

20
Q

Paraesophageal hernia

A

part of stomach pushes through diaphragm and stays there

Peritoneum becomes thin and protrudes into diaphragm

21
Q

Which type of hernia is less severe

A

Sliding hernia

22
Q

What does a rolling hernia refer to?

A

Paraesophageal hernia

23
Q

pathophys hiatal hernia

A

exact causes unknown, age-related

Injury or other damage and weakness of the diaphragm muscle

24
Q

What are forms of repeated pressure on muscles?

A

severe cough
Vomiting
Constipation
Straining with bowel movement

25
Q

risk factors of GERD

A

Older age
Obesity
Smoking

26
Q

T/F GERD can be asymptomatic

A

True

27
Q

s/sx GERD

A

Severe belching
Dysphasia
Chest/epigastric pain

28
Q

Conservative treatment

A

teach small, frequent meals
Avoid lying down after eating
Avoid tight clothing and abdominal supports
Weight control for obese patients
Antacids for esophagitis sx

Surgery if conservative treatment doesn’t work

29
Q

T/F you can have GERD and a hiatal hernia the same time

A

True

NUR 326 (32 decks)

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