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NUR 326 > Adrenal Probs > Flashcards

Adrenal Probs Flashcards

1
Q

Hypercortisolism

A

Hyper secretion of cortisol hormone

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2
Q

primary hyperfunction

A

Disease of adrenal cortex
Too high of cortisol hormone levels

Cushing syndrome

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3
Q

secondary hyperfunction

A

Disease of anterior pituitary
Increased release of ACTH triggering hormone

Cushing disease

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4
Q

what is the most common cause of Cushing syndrome?

A

EXOgenous steroids

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5
Q

Function of cortisol

A

increases blood sugar, oppose insulin
Protects versus physiological effects of stress
Suppresses immune and inflammatory processes
Breaks down proteins and fat
Increases blood cholesterol
Maintains vascular system, keeps BP up

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6
Q

symptoms with too much cortisol

A

Increased glucose availability
Maintenance of vascular system
Protein breakdown
Fat breakdown
Suppression of immune and inflammatory response
CNS excitability

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7
Q

what occurs with increased glucose availability?

A

Glucose intolerance
Hyperglycemia

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8
Q

What occurs with maintenance of the vascular system and too much cortisol

A

HTN
Capillary friability
eccymoses

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9
Q

what occurs with that break down and too much cortisol?

A

Redistribution of fat
Abdomen, shoulders, face

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10
Q

what occurs with a suppressed immune and inflammatory response?

A

Impaired wound healing and immune response
Risk for infection

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11
Q

what do mood swings and insomnia occur from?

A

CNS excitability

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12
Q

what are common symptoms associated with Cushing syndrome?

A

Loss of libido
Thinning hair
Hirsutism– chest, areola, chin
thinning of extremities
Buffalo hump
Moon face
Apple shaped
Purple striae
Ekhymosis
Fragile skin
Osteoporosis
Hyperglycemia

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13
Q

what would be the drug therapy for a pituitary or adrenal tumor?

A

Surgery, radiation

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14
Q

t/f for Exogenesis steroid drug therapy, you would need to taper off slowly

A

True

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15
Q

Addison’s disease

A

Hyposecretion of adrenal, cortisol hormones
Disease of adrenal cortex

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16
Q

3 S’s

A

Salt – aldosterone
Sugar – glucose
Sex - androgen

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17
Q

cause of Addison’s disease

A

Idiopathic**
Auto immune

18
Q

Pathogenesis of Addison’s disease

A

adrenal gland destroyed/damaged
ACTH & MSH are secreted in large amounts

19
Q

early s/sx Addison’s disease

A

Anorexia, weight loss
Fatigue, weakness, malaise
Electrolyte in balance
Skin hyper pigmentation

20
Q

Hyperaldosteronism

A

Sodium/water retention problems
Hyponatremia

21
Q

hypotension

A

Decreased vascular tone, CO, circulating blood volume

Results in fluid volume deficit

22
Q

hypercorticolism

A

No energy, weakness, fatigue
Hypoglycemia

23
Q

why does a patient experience hypoglycemia?

A

Cortisol usually raises blood sugar, not enough in Addison’s disease

24
Q

Salt craving due to

A

Decreased serum, sodium levels
Increased serum, potassium levels
Dehydration

25
Q

unsuppressed ACTH production results in

A

Hyper pigmentation
Due to increased melanocyte, stimulating hormone

26
Q

Addisonian crisis

A

Acute adrenal insufficiency
No cortisol to combat stress

27
Q

t/f addisonian crisis is a medical emergency

A

True

28
Q

causes of addisonian crisis

A

Sudden increase in stress with chronic condition
Sudden cessation of serum corticosteroids
Sudden loss of adrenal gland

29
Q

t/f cortical steroid therapy is not a lifelong process

A

False, it is

30
Q

pharm therapy

A

Dosing mimics natural release of hormones, mainly given at night

31
Q

should corticosteroid therapy be abruptly stopped

A

Never

32
Q

what should you do with the dosing of steroids with stress?

A

Increase the dosage

33
Q

pheochromocytoma

A

adrenal medulla disorder
Rear tumor of adrenal medulla that produces excess catecholamines

34
Q

What are catecholamines

A

Epinephrine
Norepinephrine

35
Q

is pheochromocytoma, benign or malignant

A

Benign

36
Q

t/f older adults are more at risk for pheochromocytoma

A

False, young to middle age, more at risk

37
Q

pathogenesis of pheochromocytoma

A

SNS stimulus
Tumor cells secrete catecholamines

38
Q

s/sx pheochromocytoma

A

headache
HTN ***
Tachycardia
Diaphoresis

39
Q

why is HTN the most common symptom?

A

Due to the activation of alpha one receptors on blood vessels

40
Q

drug therapy for pheochromocytoma

A

Preferred – surgery, removal of tumor
Alpha 1 adrenergic blockers maybe used

41
Q

why would alpha adrenergic blockers be used?

A

Inoperable tumors
10 to 14 days prior to operation to Reduce risk of a cute hypertension

NUR 326 (32 decks)

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