Inflammatory Disorders GI Flashcards
acute gastritis
Temporary inflammation of stomach lining only
Lasts 2-10 days
cause of acute gastritis
Irritating substances – alcohol
Drugs, NSAIDS– prostaglandin blocker
Infectious agents – H pylori
chronic gastritis
Progressive disorder with chronic inflammation of stomach
Lasts weeks to years
complications of chronic gastritis
Peptic ulcer disease
Bleeding
Ulcers
Anemia
Gastric cancers
cause of chronic gastritis
Auto immune – attacks parietal cells
H pylori infection
T/F chronic gastritis is a rapid process
False, progressive disorder
H. pylori infection
Helicobacter pylori bacterium
Gram-negative, spiral
Destructive pattern of persistent inflammation
what kind of environment does H. pylori thrive in?
Acidic
how is H. pylori transmitted
Person to person saliva
Fecal matter
Vomit
Contaminated food/water
s/sx gastritis
Sometimes asymptomatic
Anorexia, anemia
N/V
Post prandial discomfort – after eating
Intestinal gas
Hematemesis
Tarry stool
acute gastroenteritis
Inflammation of stomach and small intestine
cause of acute gastroenteritis
Viral infections – Norovirus, rotavirus
Bacterial infection – E. coli, salmonella, Campylobacter
Parasitic infections
how long can a cute gastroenteritis last?
Normally one to three days
But can last up to 10 days
s/sx acute gastroenteritis
Watery diarrhea – bloody or bacteria
Abdominal pain
N/V
Fever, Malaise
t/f fluid volume excess is a complication of acute gastroenteritis
False, fluid volume deficit
peptic ulcer disease
Ulcerative disease of upper G.I.
Can occur in the esophagus, stomach, duodenum
how does peptic ulcer disease develop?
When GIs exposed to increased acidity in H. pylori infection
what is the stomach’s defensive factors?
Mucus
Bicarbonate
Blood flow
Prostaglandins
what are the aggressive factors?
H pylori infection
NSAIDS
Acid/pepsin
Smoking
Cause of peptic ulcer disease
H. pylori
Injury causing substances – NSAIDS, aspirin, alcohol
Excess secretion of acid
Smoking
Family history
can stress cause peptic ulcer disease?
No, but stress increase is gastric acid secreted with a stress response
risk factors for peptic ulcer disease
Increased NSAID use – induced peptic, ulcer disease
Increase age
History of Peptic ulcer disease
corticosteroid and anticoagulants
Serious stomach diseases – auto immune
H. pylori infection
pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease
Mucus is damaged
Histamine is secreted – increase acid and pepsin secretion, further damage
vasodilation – causes edema
If blood vessels are destroyed – bleeding
duodenal ulcer
Most common type
Occurs at any age, early adulthood
gastric/peptic ulcer
Ages, 50 to 70
Due to increased NSAID use, corticosteroids, anticoagulants, serious systemic diseases
s/sx peptic ulcer disease
can be asymptomatic
N/V
Anorexia, weight loss
Bleeding
Burning pain
what makes the burning pain worse?
Occurs in the middle abdomen
Worse with empty stomach
gastric symptoms
Burning, cramping, gas like
Occurs in epigastrium, back
One to two hours after eating
Duodenal symptoms
Burning, cramping, gas like
Occurs in epigastrium, back
2 to 4 hours after eating
what is the main difference between gastric and duodenal symptoms?
Timing of symptoms after eating
complications of peptic ulcer disease
HOP
hemorrhage – intestines are vascular
Obstruction – scar tissue, strictures
Perforation and peritonitis
