CAD

Question 1

coronary artery disease

Answer 1

Arteries become clogged due to atherosclerosis

Question 2

function of coronary arteries

Answer 2

Branch from aorta and feed heart oxygenated blood

Question 3

Where does coronary artery disease occur mostly?

Answer 3

Left anterior descending artery that fuels to the left ventricle

Question 4

what occurs with an electrical problem with the heart?

Answer 4

Conduction

Question 5

What occurs with the plumbing problem of the heart?

Answer 5

Artery blockage, spasm, valve issues

Question 6

what is a pump problem with the heart?

Answer 6

Heart muscle

Question 7

non-modifiable risk factors

Answer 7

Older age
Family history
Males – earlier, women after menopause
Ethnicity – African-Americans, Hispanics
Genetics

Question 8

Modifiable risk factors

Answer 8

HTN
Smoking
Diabetes
Android obesity
Diet, inactivity
Hyper lipidemia
Stress, depression

Question 9

Ischemic heart problems cause

Answer 9

Atherosclerosis develops in arteries, supplying the myocardium leading to a blockage

Question 10

T/F ischemic heart problems are a plumbing issue

Answer 10

True

Question 11

what does an ischemic heart problem lead to?

Answer 11

Decreased tissue perfusion, endothelial dysfunction

Heart must work harder to pump blood

Question 12

what occurs with endothelial dysfunction?

Answer 12

Vessels aren’t necessarily blocked, but become narrowed when they’re supposed to dilate

Question 13

causes of endothelial dysfunction

Answer 13

Hypertension
Hyper lipidemia
Diabetes
Smoking

Question 14

T/F vessels become blocked with endothelial dysfunction

Answer 14

False

Question 15

what is the main symptom of CAD?

Answer 15

Angina

Question 16

T/S angina can be asymptomatic

Answer 16

True

Question 17

What eventually occurs with angina

Answer 17

coronary arteries continued to narrow
Decreased blood flow may cause chest pain

Heartburn, week, dizzy, palpitations, cold sweat, anxiety, burning

Question 18

what occurs from a complete occlusion?

Answer 18

Myocardial infarction

Question 19

what is stable angina?

Answer 19

Coronary blood flow is diminished but not completely blocked

Question 20

when does stable angina occur? How is it relieved?

Answer 20

Occurs on exertion
Relieved by rest
Last 2 to 5 minutes

Question 21

what is the cause of stable angina?

Answer 21

imbalance between oxygen supply and demand

Question 22

cause of stable angina

Answer 22

Atherosclerosis of coronary artery

Question 23

What is the main difference between stable and unstable angina?

Answer 23

stable angina is relieved with rest and lasts 2 to 5 minutes

Question 24

Cardiac chest pain

Answer 24

pressure, tightness
Diffuse, poorly localized
Relieved with rest within minutes
Associated with physical exertion

Question 25

non-cardiac chest pain

Answer 25

Sharp, stabbing
Well, localized
Positional, spontaneous at rest
No predictable relation to physical stress

Question 26

A typical angina discomfort and women

Answer 26

Hot, burning, tender

Question 27

T/F angina always occurs in the chest of women

Answer 27

False

Question 28

what are other symptoms Women can experience with a typical angina

Answer 28

Indigestion, heartburn
Nausea
Fatigue, weakness
Lightheaded
Dyspnea

Question 29

what other areas can angina radiate to?

Answer 29

Jaw, neck, upper abdomen, shoulder

Question 30

angina pectoris with MI sx

Answer 30

N/V
SOA
Diaphoresis

Question 31

Teaching points for angina

Answer 31

rest and relaxation – decrease demand
Use of nitrates – meds
Prevent further atherosclerosis

Question 32

is chest pain doesn’t resolved within a couple minutes what should you teach your patient about an MI

Answer 32

Call 911