Upper Extremity Vasculature Supply Flashcards
the subclavian artery branches to ____–> _____–> then ___ and ___ artery branches
the subclavian artery branches to AXILLARY–> BRACHIAL–> then RADIAL and ULNAR artery branches
Scapular Blood flow:
The thyroid-cervical trunk is an early branch of ___ artery. It branches into ___ artery. The SSa anastomasosis with the ___ artery, which is a branch of the ___ artery
This maintains blood supply to the upper extremity if there is a blockage of the subclavian artery
The thyroid-cervical trunk is an early branch of subclavian artery. It branches into suprescapular artery. The SSa anastomasosis with the subscapular artery, which is a branch of the AXILLARY artery
This maintains blood supply to the upper extremity if there is a blockage of the subclavian artery
what anastamosis helps supply the scapular and upper extremity if the subclavian is blocked?
The thyroid-cervical trunk is an early branch of subclavian artery. It branches into suprescapular artery. The SSa anastomasosis with the subscapular artery, which is a branch of the AXILLARY artery
Branches of the subclavian artery
- The right subclavian artery is a branch of the ___ trunk, which arises from the __ arch. The left subclavian artery arises directly from the aortic arch.
The subclavian arteries enter the neck through the ___ __ aperture, pass laterally toward the shoulder, and terminate as they pass over the 1st rib.
The __ artery branches that supply the neck and thoracic wall (discussed further in Section 17.3) include
- the __ artery;
- the internal __ artery; and
- the __ trunk, whose branches are the __, ascending __, inferior __, and transverse __ arteries.
The branches of the thyrocervical trunk that supply muscles and skin of the scapular region include
the transverse cervical artery and its dorsal __ branch and
the ___ artery.
Branches of the subclavian artery
- The right subclavian artery is a branch of the brachiocephalic trunk, which arises from the aortic arch. The left subclavian artery arises directly from the aortic arch.
The subclavian arteries enter the neck through the superior thoracic aperture, pass laterally toward the shoulder, and terminate as they pass over the 1st rib.
The subclavian artery branches that supply the neck and thoracic wall (discussed further in Section 17.3) include
- the vertebral artery;
- the internal thoracic artery; and
- the thyrocervical trunk, whose branches are the suprascapular, ascending cervical, inferior thyroid, and transverse cervical arteries.
The branches of the thyrocervical trunk that supply muscles and skin of the scapular region include
the transverse cervical artery and its dorsal scapular branch and
the suprascapular artery.
the radial and ulnar arteries, the terminal branches of the ____ artery, supply the forearm and hand
terminal branches of the brachial artery.
The ulnar artery originates in the __ fossa, descends along the __ side of the forearm, and crosses through a narrow space at the wrist, the ulnar canal. It terminates as the __ palmar arch of the hand. The major branches of the ulnar artery in the forearm (see Fig. 13.12) are:
- the ulnar ___ artery, which anastomoses with ulnar __ arteries to supply the __ joint, and
- the common __ artery, which arises in the proximal forearm and branches into __ and ___ interosseous arteries. These interosseous branches descend on either side of the interosseous membrane and supply the anterior and posterior muscle compartments of the forearm.
The ulnar artery originates in the cubital fossa, descends along the medial side of the forearm, and crosses through a narrow space at the wrist, the ulnar canal. It terminates as the superficial palmar arch of the hand. The major branches of the ulnar artery in the forearm (see Fig. 13.12) are:
- the ulnar recurrent artery, which anastomoses with ulnar collateral arteries to supply the elbow joint, and
- the common interosseous artery, which arises in the proximal forearm and branches into anterior and posterior interosseous arteries. These interosseous branches descend on either side of the interosseous membrane and supply the anterior and posterior muscle compartments of the forearm.
The radial artery, the smaller lateral branch of the __ artery, descends from the __ fossa along the __ side of the forearm to the wrist. It crosses the wrist through the anatomic __ on the __ side, pierces the muscles between the 1st and 2nd digits, and enters the palm of the hand, where it ends as the deep __ arch. Its branches (see Fig. 13.12) include;
- the radial __ artery, which anastomoses with collateral branches of the deep artery of the arm to supply the elbow joint, and
- the __ and dorsal __ arteries, which anastomose with branches of the ulnar artery in the wrist and hand.
The radial artery, the smaller lateral branch of the brachial artery, descends from the cubital fossa along the lateral side of the forearm to the wrist. It crosses the wrist through the anatomic snuffbox on the dorsal side, pierces the muscles between the 1st and 2nd digits, and enters the palm of the hand, where it ends as the deep palmar arch. Its branches (see Fig. 13.12) include;
- the radial recurrent artery, which anastomoses with collateral branches of the deep artery of the arm to supply the elbow joint, and
- the palmar and dorsal carpal arteries, which anastomose with branches of the ulnar artery in the wrist and hand.
The radial and ulnar artery anastomoses together around the ___ SIDE OF THE THUMB and anatoamose on the deep ___ arch on ___ surface of hand.
The ulnar artery enters hand superficially running next to the ___ bone to form the ___ palmar arch to connect with the radial artery
ALLENS SIGN TESTS RADIUS AND ULNAR ARTERIES
The radial and ulnar artery anastomoses together around the DORSAL SIDE OF THE THUMB and anatoamose on the deep PALMAR arch on PALMAR surface of hand.
The ulnar artery enters hand superficially running next to the PISIFORM bone to form the SUPERFICIAL palmar arch to connect with the radial artery
ALLENS SIGN TESTS RADIUS AND ULNAR ARTERIES
Veins of the limbs, similar to veins of the trunk, are more variable than the arteries, and they often form anastomoses that surround the arteries they accompany. Veins of the limbs have unidirectional valves that prevent pooling of blood in the extremities and facilitate the movement of blood back to the heart. The limbs have both deep and superficial veins.
Deep veins accompany the major arteries and their branches and have similar names
In the distal limb, the deep veins, referred to as accompanying veins (venae comitantes), are paired and surround the artery. Proximally, the pairs merge to form a single vessel.
- The axillary vein drains the shoulder, arm, forearm, and hand and receives additional contributions from
- the lateral chest wall, including the breast, and
- the thoracoepigastric vein of the anterolateral abdominal wall.
- The subclavian vein, the continuation of the axillary vein, also receives the venous drainage from the scapular region.
In the distal limb, the deep veins, referred to as accompanying veins (venae comitantes), are paired and surround the artery. Proximally, the pairs merge to form a single vessel.
- The __ vein drains the shoulder, arm, forearm, and hand and receives additional contributions from
- the lateral chest wall, including the breast, and
- the __ vein of the anterolateral abdominal wall.
- The __ vein, the continuation of the __ vein, also receives the venous drainage from the __ region.
The superficial veins are found in the subcutaneous tissue and drain into the deep venous system via __ (connecting) veins:
- The __ venous network on the dorsum of the hand drains into two __ superficial veins, the __ and __ veins.
- The __ vein originates on the __ side of the dorsum of the hand and ascends on the lateral side of the __ and arm. In the shoulder, it passes through the __ groove (formed by the borders of the deltoid and pectoralis major muscles) before emptying into the __ vein.
- The __ vein arises on the __ side of the dorsum of the hand and runs posteromedially to pass anterior to the __ __ of the humerus. In the arm, it pierces the __ __ (at the basilic hiatus) and joins the paired deep brachial veins to form the axillary vein.
- The __ __ vein connects the cephalic and basilic veins anterior to the cubital fossa.
- The __ __ vein arises from the venous network of the palm, ascends on the anterior forearm, and terminates in the basilic or median cubital vein.
The superficial veins are found in the subcutaneous tissue and drain into the deep venous system via perforating (connecting) veins:
- The dorsal venous network on the dorsum of the hand drains into two large superficial veins, the cephalic and basilic veins.
- The cephalic vein originates on the lateral side of the dorsum of the hand and ascends on the lateral side of the forearm and arm. In the shoulder, it passes through the deltopectoral groove (formed by the borders of the deltoid and pectoralis major muscles) before emptying into the axillary vein.
- The basilic vein arises on the medial side of the dorsum of the hand and runs posteromedially to pass anterior to the medial epicondyle of the humerus. In the arm, it pierces the brachial fascia (at the basilic hiatus) and joins the paired deep brachial veins to form the axillary vein.
- The median cubital vein connects the cephalic and basilic veins anterior to the cubital fossa.
- The median antebrachial vein arises from the venous network of the palm, ascends on the anterior forearm, and terminates in the basilic or median cubital vein.
5 main deep arm veins
subclavian vein, axillary vein, brachial vein, radial vein, ulnar vein
2 main superficial veins
- cephalic
- basilic
