Unit 4 - ELDU and Residues Flashcards
What are the major food animal species?
Cattle, pigs, chickens, and turkeys
What are the minor food animal species?
All other animal species that are food animal species
T/F: If you have a pet cow that is not intended for food, you do not have to follow the ELDU laws.
False - regardless of use, pets are food animals if traditionally considered a food or fiber species
What is the dairy industry definition of a lactating dairy cow?
A dairy breed cow that is producing milk
What is a dry cow?
A cow that has previously been lactating and is now non-lactating in preparation for the next lactation
What is the FDA definition of a lactating dairy cow?
A dairy breed animal that is 20 months of age and older - lactating or dry
What is tolerance in regards to residues?
The maximum legally allowable level or concentration of a drug or chemical in a food product at the time milk or eggs are marketed, or the animal is slaughtered
What is the target test level (for milk only)?
The guide for deciding whether or not to prosecute
What is a residue?
Any substance that is foreign to the body - in our case, we are interested in residues that are left after drug administration
What is a violative resiude?
A drug residue found to be at or above the regulatory limit in a tissue, milk, or eggs
When can there be a legally acceptable residues of drugs in edible tissues, eggs, or milk at slaughter?
IF there is an established tolerance in tissues/milk for that animal species
T/F: For drugs without a label and corresponding tolerance in a species, then any residue detected is violative.
True
What does AMDUCA stand for?
Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act
There is an acronym for selecting the right drug. It is spaced. What does it stand for?
Spectrum PK/PD Adverse reactions Compliance Environment Diagnostics/Break points
What are the AMDUCA requirements?
Permitted only by or under the supervision of a licensed veterinarian
Only FDA approved animal and human drugs
Therapeutic purposes only - animal’s health is suffering or threatened
Valid veterinarian/client/patient relationship must be in place
Specific record requirements
Only in drugs administered parentally, intramammary, topically, or in water
Cannot result in violative food residue or a residue that may affect public health
What drugs are prohibited for use in food animals no matter what the situation?
Chloramphenicol Clenbuterol Diethylstilbesterol Dimetridazole Ipronidazole Other nitroimidazoles Furazolidone, nitrofurazone, other nitrofurans
What drugs are prohibited for extra-label use?
Sulfonamide Phenylbutazone Glycopeptides Fluoroquinolones Cephalosporins
In what species are sulfonamide drugs prohibited for extra-label use?
Lactating dairy cows - except for approved use of sulfadimethoxine, sulfabromomethazine, and sulfaethoxypyridazine
In what species is phenylbutazone prohibited for extra-label use?
Female dairy cattle 20 months old or older
Enrofloxacin is only approved for extra-label use in what scenarios?
Respiratory diseases only in cattle
Respiratory disease and colibacillosis in weaned swine
Not in female dairy cattle >20 months of age
Danofloxacin is only approved for extra-label use in what scenarios?
Beef cattle respiratory disease
What are the rules for cephalosporins use?
No extra-label use in major food producing species
Cannot be used for disease prevention purposes
Cannot be used at unapproved doses, frequencies, durations, or routes of administration
Cannot be used if the drug is not approved for that species and production class
What are the exceptions to the prohibition of cephalosporin use?
Extra label use of approved cephapirin products in food-producing animals
Use to treat or control an extra-label disease indication, as long as this use adheres to a labeled dosage regimen
Extra label use in food-producing minor species, such as ducks or rabbits
