Unit 1 - Fluid Therapy Flashcards
What are colloids?
Synthetic molecules, large molecular weight that keeps the fluid in the vasculature and provides oncotic support
Provide an example of a colloid.
Hetastarch or Oxyglobin
When is Hetastarch typically used?
For oncotic support in LA due to hypoalbuminemia
What are crystalloids?
Small salt-based solutes that rapidly distribute into the extracellular space
Provide an example of a crystalloid.
LRS, Normosol, 0.9% NaCl, Plasma-lyte
What is the fluid of choice for therapy of RDA?
isotonic fluid - 0.9% NaCl for example
What are replacement fluids used for?
To replenish fluid deficits primarily those in the extracellular fluid department
What types of fluids are used for replacement fluids?
Normosol-R, Plasma-lyte, and LRS
What are maintenance fluids?
Fluids that are used to maintain metabolism, insensible losses, growth, and ongoing losses
What is the maintenance fluid rate for cows?
2-3 ml/kg/hr
Provide an example of a fluid that is used for maintenance fluids.
Plasma lyte
What should the composition of Na, Cl, and K be for replacement fluids?
High Na and Cl, and low K
What should the composition of Na, Cl, and K be for maintenance fluids?
Less Na and Cl, and add K
If you are given base deficit, how do you calculate estimated bicarbonate deficit?
BW(kg) x base deficit x 0.6 (calves)
BW (kg) x base deficit x 0.3 (adults)
If you are given base excess, how do you calculate estimated bicarbonate deficit?
The same as base deficit
BW x base excess x 0.3 (adults)
BW x base excess x 0.6 (calves)
True or False: LRS is a good choice of fluid for a calf with lactic acidosis
False - because this will add more lactate, while the animal will be able to resolve the excess lactate once reperfusion occurs, it is not the best first choice
What is the maintenance fluid rate for ruminant neonates?
6 ml/kg/hr
