Unit 2: 9.23.2022. + 9.26.2022. IS questions Flashcards
True or false: most viruses cannot be seen with a light micrope.
True. Some can, but most viruses can be seen with an electron microscope only.
What is a capsid made of?
protein
what does a capsid do?
surrounds/protects the nucleic acid of a virus
what surrounds/protects the nucleic acid of a virus?
capsid
describe the general structure of nakd viral particles
no outer layer
describe the general structure of nakd viral particles
no outer layer
describe the general structure of enveloped viral particles (2)
- lipid bilayer from host
- viral matrix protein to link envelope to nucleocapsid
if the envelope of an enveloped virus is removed, why does it become non-infectious?
removing the envelope removes the spikes, rendering the virus non-infectious
what are bacterial viruses called?
bacteriophages, or phage
what is a phage?
a virus that infects bacteria
are bacterial viruses nakd or enveloped?
almost all bacteriophages are non-enveloped
are animal viruses nakd, enveloped, or both?
either
why does a virus need a host cell?
they lack the ability to harvest energy and synthesize proteins
what types of genomes can viruses have?
linear or circular
single or double stranded
what do productive and latent infections have in common?
phage reproduction mechanisms
what is the difference between a productive and latent infection?
P: more, new viral particles are produced. some kill the host and some don’t
L: phage genome is silent but integrated into the genome of the host
what are some examples of why phages are important?
- control the spread of bacteria during storage, like with processed meats
- they are being investigated as an option to treat bacterial infections in humans
describe briefly how viruses can exit host cells (2)
viruses exit host cells via lysing, or via budding
