Mid Term 1 Round-Up

Question 1

mike has been diagnosed with transferrin deficiency. because of this condition he is…

Answer 1

more susceptible to bacterial infections because he has more free iron

Question 2

what is a pure culture?

Answer 2

a population of cells of the same species

Question 3

can endospores multiply using binary fission?

Answer 3

no!

Question 4

0.03 microns + outer membrane - organelles =

Answer 4

virus

Question 5

transferrin is like a …. for iron and only our cells have the ….

Answer 5

vault, key

Question 6

when is the best time of a growth curve to purify chemicals from cells?

Answer 6

log phase

Question 7

when in the growth curve is the highest rate of endospore formation? why?

Answer 7

stationary phase. endospores are produced under stress.

Question 8

when in the growth curve are antibiotics made?

Answer 8

stationary phase

Question 9

when in the growth curve are the most endospores present?

Answer 9

death phase

Question 10

why is the prolonged decline phase so prolonged?

Answer 10

cells are releasing nutrients when they die that other cells use

Question 11

how do alpha particles appear on a blood agar?

Answer 11

subtle green clearing

Question 12

what do beta particles look like in a blood agar?

Answer 12

lysis of RBCs produce large yellow clearnings

Question 13

what would I least like to see in a blood agar of my own body?

Answer 13

beta particles

Question 14

what is the temperature range that mesophiles love?

Answer 14

25-45

Question 15

what are the three cool parts of an operon unit?
what do operons send again?

Answer 15

• ABS, promoter, operator

Question 16

do eukaryotes send poly or mono cistronic messages?

Answer 16

monocistronic

Question 17

do prokaryotes send poly or mono cistronic messages?

Answer 17

both! either!

Question 18

what does ABS stand for in an operon unit?

Answer 18

Activator Binding Site

Question 19

what does ABS do?

Answer 19

promote and enhance transcription

Question 20

if transcription is going to be blocked via a repressor, where is that going to occur?

Answer 20

operator

Question 21

what are the molecules called that cells release during quorum sensing?

Answer 21

autoinducer

Question 22

what happens when it’s time for quorum sensing to abort mission?

Answer 22

• protease genes are turned on to chew up the biofilm and escape the host
• escaping the host ensures survival of the pathogen and finding a new host

Question 23

quorum sensing:
LCD conditions means…
virulence genes ON/OFF
escape ON/OFF
toxin ON/OFF
biofilm ON/OFF
protease ON/OFF

Answer 23

virulence genes ON
toxin ON
pili ON
biofilm ON

Question 24

quorum sensing:
HCD conditions means…
virulence genes ON/OFF
escape ON/OFF
toxin ON/OFF
biofilm ON/OFF
protease ON/OFF

Answer 24

virulence genes OFF
escape ON
toxin OFF
pili OFF
biofilm OFF
protease ON

Question 25

describe the baeS and baeR example of a two component regulatory system.

Answer 25

• antibiotic binds to baeS –> baeR is phosphorylated –> baeR gene is transcribed
• efflux pumps are expressed and antibiotics are pumped out

Question 26

when is the baeS and baeR system used?

Answer 26

used when antibiotics are detected