9.28.2022. + 9.30. 2022. IS Questions (part 2)

Question 1

first line defenses is a characteristic of what type of immunity?

Answer 1

innate

Question 2

PRRs are characteristic of what type of immunity?

Answer 2

innate

Question 3

innate effector actions are characteristic of what type of immunity?

Answer 3

innate

Question 4

innate defenses consist of? (3)

Answer 4

• first line defenses
• sensor systems
• innate effector actions

Question 5

list the 5 examples of innate effector actions

Answer 5

FICIP
- interferon response
- phagocytosis
- complement activation
- inflammation
- fever

Question 6

interferon response is characteristic of what?…. which are?

Answer 6

innate effector actions, innate immunity mechanism

Question 7

phagocytosis is characteristic of what ?…. which are?

Answer 7

innate effector actions, innate immunity mechanism

Question 8

complement activation is characteristic of what ?…. which are?

Answer 8

innate effector actions, innate immunity mechanism

Question 9

inflammation is characteristic of what ?…. which are?

Answer 9

innate effector actions, innate immunity mechanism

Question 10

fever is characteristic of what ?…. which are?

Answer 10

innate effector actions, innate immunity mechanism

Question 11

describe interferon response. why is it important

Answer 11

induce cells to resist viral replication. helps regulate immune response

Question 12

describe phagocytosis

Answer 12

phagocyte that engulfs microbial invaders and debris

Question 13

describe complement activation. why is it important?

Answer 13

some recruit phagocytotic cells, others bind to foreign material. make it easier for phagocytes to engulf foreign material.

Question 14

describe inflammation. (4)

Answer 14

coordinated innate response in which…
1. contain a site of damage
2. localize response
3. eliminate invader
4. restore tissue function

Question 15

describe a fever. why is it important?

Answer 15

37.8 degrees celsius or higher. higher than normal body temp, interferes w the growth of some pathogens and can enhance effectiveness of other responses

Question 16

what three first-line defenses did we study in class?

Answer 16

1. anatomical physical barriers (skin, mucous membranes)
2. antimicrobial substances (inhibit or kill microorganisms)
3. normal flora (colonize body surfaces but don’t cause disease)

Question 17

what cells of the immune system are main players of innate response?

Answer 17

phagocytic leukocytes

Question 18

what are two examples of phagocytic leukocytes?

Answer 18

neutrophils
macrophages

Question 19

what are neutrophils?
what type of cell?
where are they found?
what do they do?
where do they do it?

Answer 19

type of phagocyte found in blood that move to infected tissues and destroy invading microbes

Question 20

what are macrophages?
what type of cell?
what roles?
examples of roles?

Answer 20

type of phagocyte in tissues with multiple roles, like scavenging debris and producing pro-inflammatory cytokines

Question 21

PRR recognizes what two things?

Answer 21

MAMP and DAMP

Question 22

MAMP and DAMP are recognized by what ?

Answer 22

PRR

Question 23

MAMP stands for… ?

Answer 23

microbe associated molecular pattern

Question 24

DAMP stands for… ?

Answer 24

damage associated molecular pattern

Question 25

what is the complement system?

Answer 25

series of proteins in blood and tissue fluids that can be activated to help destroy and remove invading microbes