HGT mechanisms Flashcards
what are the three general mechanisms of HGT?
- transformation
- conjugation
- transduction
what is transformation?
naked DNA is taken up from the environment by a bacterial cell
what is required for transformation to take place?
cells must be competent
what is conjugation?
DNA is transferred during cell to cell contact
what does conjugation involve?
a donor and recipient bacterial cell
what is transduction?
DNA is transferred from one bacterial cell to another by a bacteriophage
what is a bacteriophage?
a virus that infects bacteria
what is another name for a bacteriophage?
phage
what mechanism of HGT involves a bacteriophage?
transduction
what does transduction involve?
bacterial viruses
what must happen for transferred DNA to be stably maintained?
transferred DNA must either be a replicon, or integrate into the host cell’s genome
what is a replicon?
has an origin of replication
how is transferred DNA usually integrated into the host cell’s genome?
homologous recombination
