Mid Term 1 Review Questions (Part 3.2) Flashcards
how does phosphorus control cyanobacterial blooms? increased and decreased?
phosphorus is a limiting agent for prokaryotic algae (cyanobacteria), so if it is abundant then cyanobacteria can thrive and take over. decreased phosphorus helps control algae growth.
what impact do cyanobacterial blooms have on water bodies?
murky green sludge, smells bad, dangerous for animals
how does human activity bring about these blooms?
fertilizers that contain phosphorus run into the bodies of water!
what does sunlight have to do with algal blooms?
increased sunlight = increased algal growth
what is nutritional immunity?
hiding any element/nutrient from pathogens so that they cannot grow
what is the role of transferrin?
store, bind, and deliver iron
an iron-binding protein
what is the role of lactoferrin?
binds iron
where does lactoferrin fulfill its role?
breast milk, saliva, other bodily fluids
what is the battle that is being fought for iron inside the body?
stealing vs. storing iron
transferrin lets us….
(what it does and how it does it)
… starve bacteria by making free iron atoms scarce
what are the two ways that pathogens steal iron?
- TBPs
- siderophores
what does TBP stand for?
transferrin binding proteins
what do TBPs do
remove iron and transport it to periplasmic space
what do siderophores do?
how do they do it?
- help pathogens acquire free or bound iron
- mimic a transferrin binding receptor/protein
what do siderophores do?
how do they do it?
- help pathogens acquire free or bound iron
- mimic a transferrin binding receptor/protein
