10.5.2022. + 10.7.2022. study questions Flashcards
Describe the structure of an antibody molecule, label Fab, Fc, light chain, heavy chain, constant and variable regions
List all the protective outcomes of antibody-antigen binding
NOCCIA = Nokia
- neutralization
- opsonization
- complement system activation
- cross-linking
- immobilization and prevention of adherence
- antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)
who’s gonna ace this test
i’m gonna ace this test!
What is the role of TH cells in B cell activation?
must give confirmation so the B cell can be activated
What is an effector lymphocyte?
differentiated descendant of an activated lymphocyte; its actions help eliminate antigens
Differentiate between immature and naive but mature lymphocytes
immature: antigen-specific receptors have not developed yet
naive but mature: have antigen receptors but have not yet encountered the antigen to which they are programmed to respond
Describe the critical features of clonal selection and expansion
draw out green chart from notes
Describe how B cells respond to T-dependent antigens
affinity maturation
class switching
?? Describe how B cells respond to T-independent antigens
?? next class
Describe the role of TH cells in B cell activation
TH cell must give confirmation so the B cell can be activated
How does affinity maturation lead to a more effective antibody response?
- form of natural selection among proliferating B cells
- spontaneous mutations commonly occur in certain regions of multiplying antibody genes
- some mutations change the antigen-binding site, and therefore the B-cell receptor
- B cells that are most effective at binding antigen are most likely to proliferate, therefore, plasma cells that descend from these cells secrete antibodies that bind the antigen more effectively
How does class switching lead to a more appropriate antibody response?
some switch the IgM genetic program through loss of DNA, differentiating into plasma cells that secrete other antibody classes (meaning that u have the defense in different parts of your body)
True or false: The B cell DNA undergoes mutations and deletions during clonal selection and expansion
CHRU!
How is the secondary response different from the primary response?
faster and more effective because of memory lymphocytes.
Why is the secondary response medically relevant?
it’s the whole premise of vaccines!
