U3L2 Urbanization

Question 1

What drew people to cities?

Answer 1

Jobs

Question 2

Where did most African Americans live?

Answer 2

Rural South

Question 3

What was the city that had an African American community?

Answer 3

By the 1890s, the south side of Chicago had a thriving African American community.

Question 4

What were other African American neighborhoods other than Chicago?

Answer 4

Detroit, New York, Philadelphia, and other northern cities

Question 5

How did immigrants move from one place to another?

Answer 5

migration usually began with one family member moving and later relatives and friends followed

Question 6

In poor neighborhoods what disease spread?

Answer 6

Tuberculosis, a lung disease, was the biggest killer, accounting for thousands of deaths each year. Babies, especially, fell victim to disease. In one Chicago slum, around 1900, more than half of all babies died before they were one year old.

Question 7

What was the population in these poor neighborhoods?

Answer 7

The populations of slums grew quickly

Question 8

What were tenements in poor neighborhoods?

Answer 8

Because space was so limited, builders devised a new kind of house to hold more people. They put up buildings six or seven stories high. They divided the buildings into small apartments, called tenements. Many tenements had no windows, heat, or indoor bathrooms. Often, 10 people shared a single room.

THATS WHAT THEY HAD IN RESISTANCE 🤯

Question 9

What were middle class peoples’ jobs?

Answer 9

doctors, lawyers, business managers, technicians, and office workers

Question 10

How did middle class neighborhoods look like?

Answer 10

Rows of neat, spacious houses lined tree-shaded streets.

Question 11

Compared to the slums, how did disease spread on middle class neighborhoods?

Answer 11

Here, disease broke out less frequently than in the slums.

Question 12

How did wealthy neighborhoods look like?

Answer 12

Mansions of the very rich protected by iron gates or brick walls. They filled their mansions with priceless artwork and gave lavish parties. At one banquet, the host handed out cigarettes rolled in hundred-dollar bills.

Question 13

Rich Americans modeled their lives after which people?

Answer 13

European royalty

Question 14

What were some of the jobs that drew people to cities?

Answer 14

jobs in factories, as barbers and waiters, in meatpacking plants, etc.

Question 15

Describe how the lower class lived in the rapidly expanding cities.

Answer 15

Most of the poor families lived in the city center where space was limited. Buildings were six or seven stories high and divided into apartments, and many people often shared a single room. Diseases, such as typhoid and cholera, spread rapidly.

Question 16

Why do you think African Americans and immigrants were willing to work long hours in dangerous conditions with low pay?

Answer 16

Immigrants had left everything they owned behind and needed money. Both immigrants and African Americans could also have been accustomed to the poor working conditions. Both groups relocated for greater opportunity and felt working in the cities was the only option available to them.

Question 17

What happened as people began to crowd cities?

Answer 17

Garbage rotted in the streets. Factories polluted the air. Crime flourished.

Question 18

How are tenements dangerous?

Answer 18

Tenement buildings were deathtraps if a fire broke out.

Question 19

What are building codes? What did they do?

Answer 19

Building codes set standards for construction and safety. New buildings were required to have fire escapes and decent plumbing.

Question 20

How was pollution reduced?

Answer 20

zoning laws kept factories out of neighborhoods where people lived

Question 21

When did safety improve in cities?

Answer 21

Safety improved when cities set up professional fire companies and police forces. Gas—and later electric—lights made streets less dangerous at night.

Question 22

Pushed by reformers, city governments hired engineers and architects to design new water systems. New York City, for example, dug underground tunnels to the Catskill Mountains, 100 miles to the north. The tunnels brought a clean water supply to the city every day.

Answer 22

I didn’t know how to put this into a question ;-;

Question 23

How did religious groups work to ease the problems of the poor?

Answer 23

The Catholic Church ministered to the needs of Irish, Polish, and Italian immigrants.

Question 24

What did Mother Cabrini do?

Answer 24

She helped found dozens of hospitals for the poor.

Question 25

What is the social gospel?

Answer 25

They called on their well-to-do members to do their duty as Christians by helping society’s poor.

Question 26

Which religious group made the “Social Gospel”?

Answer 26

Protestant ministers

Question 27

What is the Salvation Army? Where was is it originally located?

Answer 27

Started in London, then it spread to the U.S. In addition to spreading Christian teachings, the Salvation Army offered food and shelter to the poor.

Question 28

Who made the Salvation Army?

Answer 28

Willam Booth
….
In 1865, a Methodist minister named William Booth created the Salvation Army in London.

Question 29

What did the the first Young Men’s Hebrew Association (YMHA) do?

Answer 29

The YMHA provided social activities, encouraged good citizenship, and helped Jewish families preserve their culture.

Question 30

What religious group made the YMHA?

Answer 30

Judaism (Jewish citizens)

Question 31

Which association out grew YMHA?

Answer 31

The Young Women’s Hebrew Association (YWHA) grew out of the YMHA.

Question 32

Where did the Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) start?

Answer 32

In London and then it spread to the U.S.

Question 33

Where was the first YMCA established in the U.S.?

Answer 33

In 1851 at the Old South Church in Boston, missionary Thomas Valentine established the first YMCA.

Question 34

What did the YMCA do?

Answer 34

By the 1860s, the YMCA became more than a meeting place and began offering to young men affordable rooms for rent, recreation activities, and gymnasiums.

Question 35

What was the Young Women’s Christian Association (YWCA) made?

Answer 35

At the time, the YMCA was exclusively for men. So, women formed their own association to meet the needs of female residents and factory workers.

Question 36

What was the YWCA’s original name?

Answer 36

Ladies’ Christian Association

Question 37

What did the YWCA do?

Answer 37

It continued to provide assistance to young women in the form of low-cost housing, employment bureaus, and medical services.

Question 38

What are settlement houses?

Answer 38

community centers that offered services to the poor

Question 39

How was the main figure in the settlement house movement?

Answer 39

Jane Addams

Question 40

What was the null house?

Answer 40

A settlement house Jame Addams established

Question 41

Where was the null house?

Answer 41

In one of the poorest slums in Chicago, Jane Addams got an old mansion and she opened a settlement house named Hull House in 1889.

Question 42

What did James Addams do in the Null House?

Answer 42

She took up residence in Hull House so that she could experience firsthand some of the hardships of the slum community in which she worked.

Question 43

What did the Null House do for immigration

Answer 43

To help immigrants acculturate, they taught classes in American government and the English language.

Question 44

What were other things the Null House did?

Answer 44

Other volunteers gave instruction in health care or operated day nurseries for children whose mothers worked outside the home. In addition, Hull House provided recreational activities for young people, such as sports, a choral group, and a theater.

Question 45

How did government intervene to improve the lives of people living in cities?

Answer 45

The government ensured the safety of tenements with new building codes that required fire escapes and plumbing. Cities created public works departments to collect trash and set up professional fire houses and police offices. Factories were kept out of neighborhoods with new zoning laws.

Question 46

How did idealistic young women respond when Jane Addams opened Hull House?

Answer 46

When Jane Addams opened Hull House, she inspired other women to join her cause to help the poor. They moved into Hull House to learn the hardships people in the slums faced, and they taught classes and provided services like nursing care and recreational activities.

Question 47

What role did religious groups play in reform in the late 1800s?

Answer 47

Religious groups began to see a need to help the poor and began to preach a Social Gospel. Businesspeople who were churchgoers were urged to pay workers a fair wage and give time off. Many charitable organizations such as the Salvation Army, Young Men’s Hebrew Association, and the YMCA and YWCA were established during this time to provide assistance and support.

Question 48

Why did Americans move from the rural South to northern cities, beginning in the late 1800s?

Answer 48

To escape discrimination and find better economic opportunities

Question 49

What did the Salvation Army, the YMHA, the YMCA, and the YWCA have in common?

Answer 49

They provided community services based on shared religious beliefs

Question 50

Why did Jame Addams and her colleagues fight for government reforms?

Answer 50

They understood the problems were too big for volunteers organizations to address alone

Question 51

One big paragraph about governing reforms :D

Answer 51

Addams and her staff helped bring about reform legislation. They studied the slum neighborhoods where they worked. They realized that the problems were too big for any one person or group, and they urged the government to act. Alice Hamilton, a Hull House doctor, campaigned for better health laws. Florence Kelley worked to ban child labor. Jane Addams herself believed that reform legislation would be speeded if women were allowed to vote. She joined the continuing campaign for women’s suffrage.