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Zoology > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

group of cells with similar structure and function plus extracellular substance (matrix)

A

Tissues

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2
Q

study of tissues

A

Histology

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3
Q

Types of Tissues:

A
  1. Epithelial
  2. Connective
  3. Muscular
  4. Nervous
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4
Q

Epithelial Tissues

A

Location:
- cover body (internal and external)
- Ex. Skin, kidney, trachea, glands, etc.

Characteristics:
- cells close together (very little extracellular
matrix)
- form most glands
- have a free surface

Basal surface:
- attaches epithelial cells to underlying tissues

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5
Q

Functions of Epithelial Tissues:

A
  1. Protect
  2. Act as a barrier
  3. Diffusion and Filtration
  4. Secretion
  5. Absorption
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6
Q

Simple Epithelium

A

Structure: 1 layer of cells

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7
Q

Stratified Epithelium

A

Structure: many layers of cells

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8
Q

Simple Squamous

A

Structure: 1 layer of flat, tile-like cells

Function: diffusion and filtration

Location: blood vessels, lungs, heart, kidneys

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9
Q

Simple Cuboidal

A

Structure: 1 layer of square-shaped cells

Function: secretion

Location: glands, ovaries, kidneys

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10
Q

Simple Columnar

A

Structure: 1 layer of tall, narrow cells

Function: secrete mucus and absorption

Location: stomach, intestines, resp. tract

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11
Q

Pseudostratified Columnar

A

Structure: 1 layer of tall, narrow cells appears stratified but isn’t

Function: secrete mucus and propel debris out of resp. tract (cilia)

Location: nasal cavity and trachea

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12
Q

Stratified Squamous

A

Structure: many layers of flat, tile-like cells

Function: protect and acts as a barrier

Location: skin, mouth, throat, esophagus

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13
Q

Transitional

A

Structure: a special type of stratified epi. changes shape (stretched squamous, not stretched cuboidal)

Function: hold fluids

Location: urinary bladder

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14
Q

increase cell’s surface area

A

Microvilli

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15
Q

move materials across cell’s surface

A

Cilia

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16
Q

it produce mucus

A

Goblet cells

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17
Q

bind adjacent cells together

A

Tight junctions

18
Q

mechanical links that bind cells

A

Desmosomes

19
Q

bind cells to basement membrane

A

Hemidesmosomes

20
Q

small channels that allow molecules to pass
between cells

A

Gap junctions

21
Q

structures that secrete substances onto a surface, into a cavity, or into blood

A

Glands

22
Q

glands with ducts

A

Exocrine glands

23
Q

no ducts (directly into bloodstream)

A

Endocrine glands

24
Q

Types of Exocrine Glands:

A
  • Simple: no branches
  • Compound: many branches
  • Tubular: end of duct
  • Alveolus: sac-like structure
25
Q

Types of Protein Fibers:

A
  • Collagen fibers
  • Reticular fibers
  • Elastic fibers
26
Q

look like ropes and are flexible but resist stretching

A

Collagen fibers

27
Q

supporting network that fills spaces between organs and tissues

A

Reticular fibers

28
Q

recoil after being stretched

A

Elastic fibers

29
Q

Loose

A

Location: between organs, muscles, glands, skin

Structure: collagen fibers far apart

Function: support and protect

30
Q

Dense

A

Location: tendons, ligaments, skin

Structure: collagen fibers packed close together

Function: connect and can withstand pulling forces

31
Q

Adipose

A

Location: under the skin and around organs

Structure: collagen and elastic fibers, cells filled with lipids

Function: storage, insulate, cushion

32
Q
  • Type of connective tissue
  • Composed of chondrocytes
  • Contains collagen
  • Withstands compressions
  • Provides support, flexibility, strength
A

Cartilage

33
Q

Types of Cartilage:

A
  1. Hyaline cartilage
  2. Fibrocartilage
  3. Elastic cartilage
34
Q

Hard connective tissue

A

Bone

35
Q

Liquid connective tissue

A

Blood

36
Q

Consist of neurons or nerve cells

A

Nervous Tissue

37
Q

substitution of dead cells for viable cells

A

Tissue repair

38
Q

cells of same type develop (no scar)

A

Regeneration

39
Q

cells of a different type develop (scar)

A

Replacement

40
Q
A

Zoology (28 decks)

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