Endocrine System

Question 1

two systems that communicate with neurotransmitters
and hormones

Answer 1

• nervous system
• endocrine system

Question 2

glands, tissues, and cells that secrete
hormones

Answer 2

endocrine system

Question 3

the study of this system and the diagnosis and treatment of its disorders

Answer 3

Endocrinology

Question 4

Have ducts carry secretion to an epithelial surface of the mucosa of the digestive tract: “external secretions”

Answer 4

Exocrine glands

Question 5

Chemical messengers that travel in the bloodstream to other tissues and organs

Answer 5

Hormones

Question 6

Released from neurons to travel across synaptic cleft to second cell

Answer 6

Neurotransmitters

Question 7

Pores in cell membrane allow signaling molecules, nutrients, and electrolytes to move from cell to cell

Answer 7

Gap Junctions

Question 8

Secreted into tissue fluids to affect nearby cells

Answer 8

Paracrine (local) hormones

Question 9

No ducts, contain dense, fenestrated capillary networks that allow easy uptake of hormones into the bloodstream

Answer 9

Endocrine glands

Question 10

The hypothalamus is shaped like a flattened funnel

Answer 10

Pituitary Gland

Question 11

The pituitary gland is suspended from the hypothalamus by a stalk

Answer 11

infundibulum

Question 12

Arises from hypophyseal pouch (an outgrowth of the pharynx)

Answer 12

Adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary)

Question 13

Downgrowth from brain

Answer 13

Neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary)

Question 14

constitutes the posterior one-quarter of the pituitary

Answer 14

Neurohypophysis

Question 15

Two other hypothalamic hormones are:

Answer 15

• oxytocin (OT)
• antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 16

Stimulates secretion of ovarian sex hormones, development of ovarian follicles, and sperm production

Answer 16

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 17

Stimulates ovulation, stimulates corpus luteum to secrete
progesterone stimulates the testes to secrete testosterone

Answer 17

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 18

Stimulates secretion of thyroid hormone

Answer 18

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 19

Stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids

Answer 19

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Question 20

After birth, stimulates mammary glands to synthesize milk;
enhances secretion of testosterone by testes

Answer 20

Prolactin (PRL)

Question 21

Stimulates mitosis and cellular differentiation

Answer 21

Growth hormone (GH)

Question 22

Surge of hormones released during sexual arousal
orgasm

Answer 22

Oxytocin (OT)

Question 23

releasing hormones and inhibiting hormones from the hypothalamus

Answer 23

Anterior lobe control

Question 24

hormone release in response to nervous system signals

Answer 24

Neuroendocrine reflex